For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 麻黃湯.

麻黃湯

麻黃湯
源自《伤寒论》
剂型汤剂
组成
麻黃三两 去节
桂枝二两 去皮
甘草一两 炙
杏仁七十个 去皮尖
功用
發汗解表 宣肺平喘

麻黃湯mahuang decoction),出自《傷寒論》,是解表劑中辛溫解表的代表方劑之一。有發汗解表、宣肺平喘的功效。

藥理

[编辑]

現代中藥藥理學的研究指出麻黃桂枝炙甘草均對流行性感冒病毒有抑制作用。麻黃與桂枝能使皮膚血管擴張,發汗作用較強。杏仁與麻黃可以平喘鎮咳。炙甘草用於調和諸藥,防止汗出太過傷津液。總體來說,麻黃與桂枝的發汗、解熱、止痛的效用較強;杏仁、甘草與麻黃配用,可平喘鎮咳。

制方原理

[编辑]

卫阳之气,固表实外,与营气相伴而行于脉之内外。表为阴邪,其性收引。风寒袭表,卫阳被郁,营气涩滞,毛窍闭塞,故见恶寒发热、头痛身痛而无汗。肺卫向通,卫郁窍闭,则肺气失宣,故上逆而咳喘。风寒在表,故舌苔薄白,其脉浮紧。针对本证风寒束表,营卫郁滞,肺失宣降之病机,治宜发散风寒,通畅营卫,宣肺平喘,以使表邪散,腠理开,营卫畅,肺气宣,诸证得解。

制方特点

[编辑]

方中麻黄陪桂枝透营畅卫,解表发汗之力峻;麻黄伍杏仁,宣降肺气,止咳平喘之效增;甘草调和营卫、宣降之间。

主治及用法

[编辑]

主治

[编辑]

傷寒太陽表實證以及哮喘。見有症狀為:恶寒发热,头痛身疼,无汗而喘,舌苔薄白,脉浮紧等。本方為發汗峻劑,諸多禁忌,詳見《傷寒論》。現代常應用於治療感冒流行性感冒急性支气管炎支气管哮喘等,經中醫辨證屬於麻黃湯證者。

用法

[编辑]

飯後熱服,溫覆取汗;要防止大出汗,造成虚脱。

加减

[编辑]

方劑歌

[编辑]

麻黃湯中臣桂枝,杏仁甘草四般施。 發汗解表宣肺氣,傷寒表實無汗宜。

附方

[编辑]

麻黄加朮汤

[编辑]

麻黄加朮湯即麻黄湯原方加白术四两,是治疗外感风寒夹湿的方剂,属素体多湿,所以用麻、桂与白朮相配,以发汗解表、散寒祛湿。

麻黃杏仁薏苡甘草湯

[编辑]

麻黃杏仁薏苡甘草湯主治:风湿一身尽疼,发热,日晡所剧者。

大青龙汤

[编辑]

大青龙汤系麻黄汤重用麻黄,再加石膏生薑大枣组成,主治风寒。生姜、麻、桂则散风寒,合枣、草则滋肝,使汗出表解,寒热烦躁并除。

三拗汤

[编辑]

三拗汤從麻黄汤中去桂枝,主治风寒犯肺的咳喘证。

华盖散

[编辑]

华盖散为麻黄汤去桂枝,故功用重在宣散肺中风寒,主治风寒犯肺之咳喘证,加苏子陈皮桑白皮、赤茯苓以降气祛痰,加强化止咳的作用。

參考資料

[编辑]

外部連結

[编辑]

参见

[编辑]
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
麻黃湯
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?