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質數階乘質數

質數階乘質數(又稱素數階乘質數質數階乘素數)是和某个質數階乘相邻的質數,即它是某个質數階乘的增一或減一。

pn質數階乘記作pn#。
pn# − 1是質數,對n = 2, 3, 5, 6, 13, 24, ... (OEIS數列A057704
pn# + 1是質數,對n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, ...(A014545

前幾個質數階乘質數是:

3, 5, 7, 29, 31, 211, 2309, 2311, 30029, 200560490131, 304250263527209

截至2022年,已知的最大质数阶乘质数是 3267113#-1 ,它有 1418398 位数,由PrimeGrid英语PrimeGrid发现。[1]已知的最大的形如 n#+1 的质数阶乘质数是 392113#+1 ,它有 169966 位数,由Daniel Heuer发现。


質數階乘質數也能用來證明質數是無限的。 首先,假設前n個質數是唯一存在的質數。如果pn# + 1或pn# − 1是質數階乘質數,這意味著有比第n個質數更大的質數(即使不是質數,也能證明質數無窮,但不那麼直接。這兩個數除以前n個中的任何一個質數 p 時,都有餘數 1 或 p−1 ,因此不整除其中任何一數)。

事實上,歐幾里得證明並沒有假設一個有限集合包含所有質數的存在。相反,他說:

consider any finite set of primes 
(not necessarily the first n primes;
 e.g. it could have been the set {3, 11, 47}),
 and then went on from there to the conclusion 
that at least one prime exists that is not in that set.

意思是: 考慮任何質數的有限集合(不一定是一開始的質數,例如,它可以是集合{3,11,47}),然後從兩個方面得到這樣的結論:至少存在一個不在該集合的質數。[1]页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆[2]

參見

[编辑]

參考文獻

[编辑]
  1. ^ Primegrid.com页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆); official anouncement, 24 December 2010
  2. ^ A. Borning, "Some Results for and " Math. Comput. 26 (1972): 567 - 570.
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質數階乘質數
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