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磷化镍

磷化镍是一类由构成的无机化合物,有Ni2P、Ni3P、Ni5P2、NiP2等多种,其中以Ni2P最常见。

性质

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镍的磷化物有很多种,它们的基本信息见下表。

分子式 Ni2P Ni3P Ni5P2 Ni12P5 NiP NiP2 NiP3
CAS 12035-64-2 12059-19-7 11103-55-2
分子量 148.39 207.08 355.50 859.19 89.67 120.64 151.62
密度
(g·cm-1
7.2 5.99
(7.7[1]
7.28 4.70 4.19
熔点
(℃)
1112 1185
外观 铁灰色固体 银灰色固体 铁灰色固体 黑色晶体[2] 固体 黑色晶体[3] 钢灰色固体
晶体结构 Fe2P Fe3P Ni12P5

制备

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Ni2P

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磷化镍可由25%PH3/H2四羰基镍反应制备。

次磷酸镍的热分解可以得到磷化镍:[4]

4 Ni(H2PO2)2 + 2 NiCl2 → 3 Ni2P + P + 4 H3PO4 + 4 HCl
4 Ni(H2PO2)2 + 3 NH4H2PO2 → 2 Ni2P + 4 P2O3 + PH3 + H2 + 3 NH3 +10 H2O

用氢气(823 K)还原镍的磷酸盐也能得到磷化镍,但此时的磷化镍十分活泼,需要用含有5%O2气进行钝化处理后,才能拿至空气中。[5]

其它磷化镍

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Ni3P、NiP2和NiP3可以利用单质在一定条件下化合得到:[1]

3 Ni + P → Ni3P
Ni + 2 P —65kbar,1200℃→ NiP2
Ni + 3 P → NiP3

用途

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Ni2P可用于加氢脱硫(HDS)和加氢脱氮(HDN)的催化剂,制备催化剂时常将Ni2P负载到SiO2上。[6]

参考文献

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 项斯芬, 严宣申, 曹庭礼 等. 无机化学丛书 第4卷 氮 磷 砷分族[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2011
  2. ^ Jun Li, Yonghong Ni, Kaiming Liao, et al. Hydrothermal synthesis of Ni12P5 hollow microspheres, characterization and photocatalytic degradation property[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2009. 332(1): 231-236
  3. ^ Paul C. Donohue, Tom A. Bither, Howard Sargent Young. High-pressure synthesis of pyrite-type nickel diphosphide and nickel diarsenide[J]. Inorg. Chem., 1968. 7(5): 998-1001
  4. ^ 李景锋, 李学辉, 柴永明 等. 磷化镍的制备、表征及其催化性能研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2013. 32 (11): 2621-2630
  5. ^ C. Stinner, R. Prins, and Th. Weber. Binary and Ternary Transition-Metal Phosphides as HDN Catalysts[J]. Journal of Catalysis, 2001. 202: 187-194
  6. ^ ´ST Oyama. Novel catalysts for advanced hydroprocessing: transition metal phosphides[J]. Journal of Catalysis, 2003. 216: 343-352
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磷化镍
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