眼狀斑點
眼狀斑點（英語：Eyespot）簡稱眼斑，又稱眼紋，是存在於昆蟲、爬行動物、鳥類和魚類身上的眼狀圖案。而一些貓科哺乳動物身上的環狀斑點也有相同作用。
眼狀斑點可能是一種擬態手段，這種圖案形成眼睛圖案用以嚇退潛在的捕食者，[1] 但也有可能是一種反捕適應，用以吸引捕食者注意力，在被襲擊時避開自身要害。[2]蝴蝶身上的眼狀斑點可能和雌雄選擇有關。[3] 在一些更大型動物身上，眼狀斑點可能還起到與同類溝通或求偶的作用（例如孔雀）。
參見
- 自然界中的圖案
參考資料
- ^ Stevens, Martin. The role of eyespots as anti-predator mechanisms, principally demonstrated in the Lepidoptera. Biological Reviews. 2005, 80 (4): 573–588. PMID 16221330. doi:10.1017/S1464793105006810.
- ^ Vallin, A., S. Jakobsson, J. Lind, and C. Wiklund. Prey survival by predator intimidation: an experimental study of peacock butterfly defence against blue tits. Proceedings Royal Society: Biological Sciences. 2005, 272 (1569): 1203–1207. doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.3034.
- ^ Costanzo, K., and A. Monteiro. The use of chemical and visual cues in female choice in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana. Proceedings Royal Society: Biological Sciences. 2006, 274: 845–851.
外部連結
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