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百倍之地

百倍之地街

百倍之地希伯來語מאה שערים‎, Mea She'arim)是耶路撒冷最古老的犹太街区之一,现主要居民是哈雷迪犹太人,由旧伊舒夫建造。

名称

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百倍之地的儿童

百倍之地这个名字源于《创世纪》26:12“以撒在那地耕种,那一年有百倍的收成。耶和华赐福给他。”根据传统,社区原本有100个门,是百倍之地另外的含义。[1]

历史

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1927年规划

百倍之地建于1874年,是耶路撒冷旧城城墙以外最早的犹太人定居点之一,由100名股东组成的建房互助协会建造。[2]因为城内已经拥挤不堪,卫生条件恶劣,会员们集中资源,购买旧城外的土地,兴建新社区,旨在改善他们的生活水平。

德国基督教建筑师和传教士康拉德·希克为百倍之地制定了规划。耶路撒冷的犹太社区的负责人之一约瑟夫·里夫林,一位来自伯利恒阿拉伯基督徒是承包商。这项工作是由犹太和非犹太工人进行。[3]

百倍之地是一个由围墙包围的庭院社区,每天晚上关闭大门。到1880年十月,已建成100间公寓供人入住。到了世纪之交,有300栋房屋,一个面粉厂和一家面包店。康拉德希克本计划在每个庭院设立开阔的绿地,但是却建了牛棚。百倍之地是耶路撒冷第一个安装路灯的区。[3]

哈雷迪生活方式

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今天,百倍之地是耶路撒冷中心的一个保守社区[3],由于其哈雷迪和压倒性的哈西德派居民,街道保留东欧气息。[1]生活严格围绕着遵守犹太律法、祈祷和犹太宗教典籍的研究。传统服饰包括男子的黑外套和黑帽子,女子的长袖服装。男人留胡须和鬓发。居民在日常生活中说意第绪语希伯来语只用于祈祷和宗教的研究,因为他们认为希伯来文是一个神圣的语言,只用于宗教目的。[4]

参考

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Eisenberg, Ronald L. The Streets of Jerusalem: Who, what, why. Devora Publishing. 2006: 250. ISBN 1-932687-54-8. 
  2. ^ About Meah Shearim. Illustrated Israel. (原始内容存档于2007-06-13). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Eylon, Lili. Jerusalem: Architecture in the late Ottoman Period. Jewish Virtual Library. 2011 [28 August 2011]. (原始内容存档于2016-10-13). 
  4. ^ ?למה החרדים במאה שערים מדברים אידיש 互联网档案馆存檔,存档日期2013-10-05. (希伯来文)

31°47′13″N 35°13′20″E / 31.78694°N 35.22222°E / 31.78694; 35.22222

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百倍之地
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