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安眠酮

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安眠酮
臨床資料
ATC碼
法律規範狀態
法律規範
识别信息
  • '2-methyl-3-o-tolyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone;
    3,4-dihydro-2-methyl-4-oxo-3-o-tolylquinazoline;
    2-methyl-3-(2-methylphenyl)-4-(3H)-quinazolinone
CAS号72-44-6  checkY
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.000.710 編輯維基數據鏈接
化学信息
化学式C16H14N2O
摩尔质量250.30 g/mol
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
熔点113 °C(235 °F)
  • O=C1C2=C(C=CC=C2)N=C(C)N1C3=C(C)C=CC=C3
  • InChI=1S/C16H14N2O/c1-11-7-3-6-10-15(11)18-12(2)17-14-9-5-4-8-13(14)16(18)19/h3-10H,1-2H3 checkY
  • Key:JEYCTXHKTXCGPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY

甲喹酮(又稱忽得安眠酮[1],英語:Methaqualone),台灣亦稱白板,於1951年首次在印度製成[2][3],有镇静催眠作用,是20世紀80、90年代曾經被廣泛濫用精神藥品。長期濫用會導致肝臟腎臟衰竭、記憶和思想受損、抑鬱或情緒波動、感迷惑和說話含糊,孕妇服用會引致畸胎。

醫療用途

安眠酮與苯二氮平和巴比妥酸鹽類似,是提高大腦和神經系統GABA受體活性的鎮靜劑。 如果GABA活性增加,血壓就會下降,呼吸和脈搏也會變慢,進入深度放鬆狀態。這些特性解釋了爲什麼安眠酮最初主要用於失眠症。[4]

甲基喹啉酮不宜在懷孕期間使用,屬於懷孕分級D[5]

過量服用

過量服用可能導致神經系統癱瘓、昏迷和死亡. 其他症狀包括精神錯亂、痙攣、過度緊張、反射亢進、嘔吐、腎衰竭、昏迷、心臟或呼吸停止死亡。 它類似於巴比妥酸鹽中毒,但運動障礙增加,心臟或呼吸道抑鬱的發生率較低。用萊蒙製得安眠酮Qualude牌成人單片劑量爲300mg。 如果與酒精飲料一起服用,8000mg的劑量會致命,200mg的劑量可能會導致昏迷。

相關條目

參考

  1. ^ 中南聯手破毒案 繳7噸「忽得」页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)《文匯報》2007-06-29
  2. ^ p. 142, A survey of reported synthesis of methaqualone and some positional and structural isomers, Etienne F. van Zyl, Forensic Science International 122, #2-3 (1 November 2001), pp. 142–149, doi:10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00484-4.(英文)
  3. ^ Potential Analgesics. Part I. Synthesis of substituted 4-quinazolones, I. K. Kacker and S. H. Zaheer, J. Ind. Chem. Soc. 28 (1951), pp. 344–346.(英文)
  4. ^ "methaqualone reference". 2012-02-23 [2022-01-08]. 原始内容存档于2012-02-23. 
  5. ^ [TheDrugSafety.com "Methaqualone in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding"] 请检查|url=值 (帮助). 2012-10-02 Retrieved 15 August 2012. 
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安眠酮
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