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須臾

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須臾,指很短的時間,早見於《荀子.勸學篇第一》:「吾嘗終日而思,不如須臾之所學也。」(我曾經整天思考,也不及片刻學習的得著。)

引申为苟活,人生在宇宙中是短暫的,故言。《史記.卷九二.淮陰侯傳》:「足下所以得須臾至今者,以項王尚存也。」又有認为「須臾」和「從容」义同,只是不同时地的轉語,王念孫讀書雜志.史記五》:“此‘須臾’與《中庸》:‘道不可須臾離’異義。須臾,猶從容,延年之意也。言足下所以得從容至今不死者,以項王尙存也。《漢書·賈山傳》:‘願少須臾毋死,思見德化之成也。’‘少須臾’即少從容,亦延年之意也。故《武五子傳》‘奉天期兮,不得須臾’張晏曰:‘不得復延年也。’從容、須臾,語之轉耳。”

漢字翻譯佛教經典時把時間單位muhūrta譯作須臾。据佛教《僧祇律》记载:「刹那者为一念, 二十念为一瞬, 二十瞬为一弹指,二十弹指为一罗预, 二十罗预为一须臾, 一日一夜为三十须臾。」所以一须臾等于0.8小时,換算為48分钟或2880秒。

後來,有書籍將其用在詞頭中來表達,但現在多用「飛(母托)」(由歐文前綴femto-而來),如femtosecond多譯作「飛秒」。

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須臾
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