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牛皮纸

牛皮纸

牛皮纸(英語:kraft paper, sack paper)指的是用硫酸盐制浆法做出的包装纸,相比其他纸强度较高。每平方米重量32-125不等。牛皮纸用以生产纸袋砂纸和滑片纸等纸制品。此外也用作绘画的背景纸张,建筑上以牛皮膠纸和聚乙烯或氧化沥青组成蒸汽屏障。牛皮膠纸一般呈黄褐色,但可被漂白。牛皮纸是一种可降解的材料。[1]

硫酸盐制浆法还可以生产出其他的纸质材料,如包装用的纸板,统称硫酸盐纸kraft paper)。硫酸盐制浆法几乎不会切断纤维素分子,并且能移除几乎所有的疏水性木质素(木质素会干扰纤维素、半纤维素形成氢键),因此用得到的纸浆制造出来的纸比其他方式(如亚硫酸盐制浆法)造出的纸更强。[2]

牛皮纸的制作原料主要是含有长纤维的针叶树(如云杉松树等)[3],尤其是北欧国家生长缓慢的木材。废纸由于含有已被破坏的纤维,导致纸张强度降低,因此不能作为制作牛皮纸的原料。在绘图纸等纸张中占了很大部分质量的填料也不能用于制作牛皮纸。

牛皮纸的制作工艺经过一项改革——磨浆。通过研磨木浆,纤维表面微小的原纤维相互嵌入,从而形成纤维网络。在磨浆刚开始时木浆的阻力会急剧上升,但一段时间过后就不再变化。

参考

  1. ^ Paulapuro, Hannu. 5. Paper and Board grades. Papermaking Science and Technology 18. Finland: Fapet Oy. 2000: 121–122. ISBN 952-5216-18-7. 
  2. ^ Hubbe, Martin A.; Lucia, Lucian A. The "Love-Hate" Relationship Present in Lignocellulosic Materials. BioResources. 2007, 2 (4): 534–535 [2015-02-02]. (原始内容存档于2022-05-17). 
  3. ^ Otto-Albrecht Neumüller (Herausgeber): Römpps Chemie Lexikon, Frank'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart, 1983, 8. Auflage, S. 2981−2986, ISBN 3-440-04513-7.
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牛皮纸
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