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溴化鋇

溴化鋇

溴化鋇的晶体结构


__ Ba2+     __ Br-
识别
CAS号 10553-31-8(无水)  checkY
7791-28-8(二水)  checkY
PubChem 5462743(无水)
44537612(二水)
ChemSpider 59728
SMILES
 
  • [Ba+2].[Br-].[Br-]
InChI
 
  • 1/Ba.2BrH/h;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2
InChIKey NKQIMNKPSDEDMO-NUQVWONBAE
性质
化学式 BaBr2 (無水)

BaBr2·2H2O (水合物)

摩尔质量 297.14 g/mol g·mol⁻¹
外观 白色固體
密度 4.78 g/cm3 (無水)
3.58 g/cm3 (水合物)
熔点 857 °C
沸点 1835 °C
溶解性 92.2 g/100 mL (0°C)
结构
晶体结构 正交晶系, oP12, 空間群 = Pnma, No. 62
热力学
ΔfHm298K −181.1 kcal/mol
危险性
警示术语 R:R20, R22
安全术语 S:S28[1]
欧盟分类 有害(Xn)
相关物质
其他阴离子 氟化鋇
氯化鋇
碘化鋇
其他阳离子 溴化鈹
溴化鎂
溴化鈣
溴化鍶
溴化鐳
溴化鉛
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

溴化鋇是一種化合物,是一種溴化鹽類,分子式為BaBr2,通常外觀為白色固體。性質類似氯化鋇,它溶解在水中,是有毒的水溶液。

性質

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溴化鋇晶體結構氯化鉛結構,為白色斜方晶體,容易潮解[2]在水溶液BaBr2表現為一個簡單的鹽。

溴化鋇硫酸根離子發生反應,從產生硫酸鋇沉澱。

BaBr2(aq) + SO42- → BaSO4(s) + 2 Br-(aq)

發生的反應類似草酸氫氟酸磷酸

制備

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溴化鋇可利用硫化鋇碳酸鋇氫溴酸反應生成水合溴化鋇。這發生在很短的時間

BaS + HBr → BaBr2 + H2S
BaCO3 + HBr → BaBr2 + CO2 + H2O

溴化鋇可以從溶液中結晶出二水溴化鋇:BaBr2·2H2O,加熱到120°C後變成無水溴化鋇[3]

用途

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溴化鋇和其他溴化物有時用在攝影。

歷史上,溴化鋇是由瑪麗·居禮用來純化鐳過程中分離結晶。由於鐳沉澱優先於溴化鋇,在溶液中沉澱物鐳的比例會高於鋇的比例。[4]

參考文獻

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  1. ^ https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/10358.htm
  2. ^ Brackett, Elizabeth B.; Breackett, Thomas E.; Sass, Ronald L., The Crystal Structures of Barium Chloride, Barium Bromide, and Barium Iodide., The Journal of Physical Chemistry 67: 2132, 1963 [2007-12-03], (原始内容存档于2019-08-20) 
  3. ^ Patnaik, Pradyot, Handbook of Inorganic Chemical Compounds, McGraw-Hill Professional: 81–82, 2003 [2007-12-03], ISBN 0070494398 
  4. ^ Sime, Ruth Lewin, Lise Meitner: A Life in Physics, University of California Press: 233, 1996 [2007-12-03], ISBN 0520208609 
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溴化鋇
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