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氯化钇

氯化钇
IUPAC名
氯化钇(III)
Yttrium(III) chloride
识别
CAS号 10361-92-9  checkY
ChemSpider 59696
SMILES
 
  • Cl[Y](Cl)Cl
InChI
 
  • 1/3ClH.Y/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
InChIKey PCMOZDDGXKIOLL-DFZHHIFOAW
RTECS ZG3150000
性质
化学式 YCl3
摩尔质量 195.26 g·mol⁻¹
外观 白色固体
密度 2.67 g/cm3
熔点 721 °C
沸点 1507 °C[1]
溶解性 82 g/100 mL
溶解性 60.1 g/100 mL乙醇 (15°C)
60.6 g/100 mL吡啶 (15°C)[2]
结构
晶体结构 Monoclinic, mS16
空间群 C12/m1, No. 12
危险性
欧盟编号 未列出
闪点 不可燃
相关物质
其他阴离子 氧化钇
其他阳离子 氯化钪
氯化镧
氯化锕
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

氯化钇是一种无机化合物,化学式为YCl3,易溶于水。

结构

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固体氯化钇有和AlCl3一样的结构。

制备和反应

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无水氯化钇通常由氯化铵和水合氯化钇、氧化钇、或氯氧化钇反应[3][4][5]首先得到(NH4)2[YCl5]:

10 NH4Cl + Y2O3 → 2 (NH4)2[YCl5] + 6 NH3 + 3 H2O
YCl3·6H2O + 2 NH4Cl → (NH4)2[YCl5] + 6 H2O

然后将(NH4)2[YCl5]加热,使之分解:

(NH4)2[YCl5] → 2 NH4Cl + YCl3

在分解的过程中,会产生中间体(NH4)[Y2Cl7]。

如果用盐酸作用于Y2O3,只会得到水合物(YCl3·6H2O),它不能通过直接加热得到无水物,因为在加热的过程中会水解,产生氯氧化钇。

参考资料

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  1. ^ Yttrium & Compounds, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2007-01-11 [2008-05-29], (原始内容存档于2013-03-02) 
  2. ^ Spencer, James F., The Metals of the Rare Earths, New York: Longmans, Green, and Co: 135, 1919 [2008-05-29] 
  3. ^ Meyer, G. The Ammonium Chloride Route to Anhydrous Rare Earth Chlorides-The Example of YCl3. Inorganic Syntheses. 1989, 25: 146–150. ISBN 978-0-470-13256-2. doi:10.1002/9780470132562.ch35. 
  4. ^ Edelmann, F. T.; Poremba, P. Herrmann, W. A. (ed.) , 编. Synthetic Methods of Organometallic and Inorganic Chemistry VI. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag. 1997. ISBN 3-13-103021-6. 
  5. ^ Taylor, M.D.; Carter, C.P. Preparation of anhydrous lanthanide halides, especially iodides. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry: 387–391. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(62)80034-7. 
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氯化钇
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