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查格-施特勞斯氏症候群

查格-施特勞斯綜合徵
(Churg-Strauss syndrome)
顯微照相顯示嗜酸性血管炎與"查格-施特勞斯綜合徵"是一致的。H&E染色法
症状出血消化道出血
类型血管炎anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis[*]non-familial rare disease with dilated cardiomyopathy[*]secondary glomerular disease[*]systemic inflammatory disease associated with an acquired peripheral neuropathy[*]疾病
分类和外部资源
醫學專科免疫學、​風濕病學
ICD-114A44.A2
ICD-10M30.1
ICD-9-CM446.4
DiseasesDB2685
eMedicine1083013、​1178795
Orphanet183
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查格-施特勞斯綜合徵(Churg–Strauss syndrome (CSS)、也稱為"嗜酸性韋格納肉芽腫"[EGPA]"(eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis)或"過敏性肉芽腫"(allergic granulomatosis)[1])是一種自體免疫性疾病狀況,如有氣道過敏(過敏體質(Atopy))過敏史的人會導致小型和中型的血管(血管炎)炎症。它通常體現出三個階段。早期(前驅症狀(Prodrome))階段的特點是氣道炎症;幾乎所有的患者都會經歷哮喘和/或過敏性鼻炎。第二階段的特徵是異常高的"嗜酸性粒細胞"(eosinophils)(嗜伊紅細胞增多(Hypereosinophilia)),這會導致組織損傷,最常傷到部和消化道。第三階段包括血管炎,其最終可以導致細胞死亡,並且可以造成生命的威脅性。

查格-施特勞斯綜合徵的有效治療需要抑制免疫系統的藥物。通常是糖皮质激素,其次是其他的藥劑如環磷酰胺、或硫唑嘌呤

"查格-施特勞斯綜合徵"它賦予著於1951年最先發現這個病症的兩位醫生"查格-施特勞斯"的名字。

症狀和病徵

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過敏性階段

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前驅階段的特點是過敏。

嗜酸性粒細胞階段

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第二階段特徵是在血液和組織中的含有異常高水平的嗜酸性粒細胞(Hypereosinophilia、一種白血球)。[2]

血管炎階段

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診斷

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診斷標記包括嗜酸性粒細胞、及受感染組織的肉芽腫(Granuloma),以及抗中性粒细胞之抗中性白細胞胞質抗體(Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody)。1990年美國風濕病學院(American College of Rheumatology)為"查格-施特勞斯氏綜合徵"的診斷列出了這些標準:

  • 哮喘。
  • 嗜酸性粒細胞與白血球計算之差值大於10%。
  • 單神經病變(Peripheral neuropathy)或多發性神經病變(Polyneuropathy)的顯現。
  • 不固定的肺浸潤
  • 顯現鼻竇異常。
  • 血管外嗜酸性粒細胞的組織學證據。

以分類效果而言,患者在六項標準中如超過四項則可以判定患有查格-施特勞斯氏綜合徵(CSS)。六項標準的任何四項或更多項顯現則產生85%的靈敏度及99.7%的特異性。[3]

風險分層

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法國血管炎研究小組已經開發出五點系統("五因素分數")預測查格-施特勞斯氏綜合徵的死亡風險,且應用臨床上。這些因素為:

治療

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歷史背景

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查格-施特勞斯氏綜合徵最早在1951年紐約市西奈山醫院(Mount Sinai Hospital (Manhattan))由病理學家雅各·查格(1910-2005)及羅德·施特勞斯(1913-1985)所提出。[4][5]

著名案例

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註釋

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  1. ^ Adu, Emery & Madaio 2012,第125頁.
  2. ^ Churg-Strauss syndrome - Symptoms. Mayo Clinic. [30 June 2013]. (原始内容存档于2013-07-30). 
  3. ^ Masi AT, Hunder GG, Lie JT; et al. The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Churg-Strauss syndrome (allergic granulomatosis and angiitis). Arthritis Rheum. August 1990, 33 (8): 1094–100 [2014-11-26]. PMID 2202307. doi:10.1002/art.1780330806. (原始内容存档于2012-03-24). 
  4. ^ synd/2733 - Who Named It?
  5. ^ Churg J, Strauss L. Allergic granulomatosis, allergic angiitis, and periarteritis nodosa. Am. J. Pathol. 1951, 27 (2): 277–301. PMC 1937314可免费查阅. PMID 14819261. 

延伸閱讀

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外部連結

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查格-施特勞斯氏症候群
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