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旦角

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中国戏剧的一种程式化的角色行当,一般扮演女性角色,各个剧种有所不同,但比较一致的大概分为如下几种:

  • 老旦,扮演年老的女性,重在唱腔,为表示老年女性苍老的嗓音,唱腔为女中音,化妆淡。
  • 小旦,指年輕女性,可分為正旦花旦花衫旦武旦
    • 正旦,又稱青衣,年轻文雅的女性,重在唱腔,時常运用假聲。其中也有苦旦,指命运悲惨的女性角色。或闺门旦,指公主、千金小姐一類角色。
    • 花旦,扮演身份比较低下的年轻女子,重在念白和做功,一般扮演丫鬟或小家碧玉的角色。
    • 花衫旦,介於正旦花旦的旦角類型,性格比正旦活潑,比花旦莊重。
    • 武旦,重武術,一般扮演武藝高强的女性角色。其中也有專門負責表演戲劇中的「女軍官」之類人物,為刀馬旦

在中國戲劇中,每種角色都有特定的造手和台步。旦角必須行撇步,指掌用單指或雙指(生角用單/雙劍指),雲手、亮相和跑圓臺都有規定。由於古代女性盛行「扎腳」(纏足),所以粵劇中有「扎腳戲」(模仿纏足的戲)的部份。

著名旦角

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旦角
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