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拜住 (扎剌亦儿氏)

拜住(Baiǰu;1298年—1323年9月4日),蒙古扎剌亦儿氏,元朝政治家,兀都带怯烈氏的儿子,元初名臣安童之孙,木華黎後代。扎剌儿氏为元朝王室世袭贴身侍卫,在蒙古各部中尤有声望。元英宗在位时间官至中书右丞相,全力支持英宗的“以儒治国”政策。

生平

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元英宗于1320年4月19日即位,1320年6月17日,元英宗任命拜住为左丞相,以与把持朝政的答己太后和右丞相铁木迭儿相抗衡,

1322年10月6日右丞相铁木迭儿去世,11月1日太皇太后答己去世,元英宗终于得以亲政。12月4日,元英宗任命拜住为中书右丞相,并且不设左丞相,以拜住为唯一的丞相。元英宗遂与拜住等进行改革,任命大批汉族儒生入朝为官,并削减徭役赋税,并于1323年3月26日颁布了继《至元新格》之后元朝第二部法律典籍—《大元通制》。

至治三年(1323年)农历五月,元英宗开始追查铁木迭儿贪污一案,引起一些蒙古大臣不安,御史大夫铁失等便于当年八月初四(1323年9月4日)发动南坡之变,刺杀了元英宗和拜住。

拜住有一子名笃麟,后投降明朝,以拜为姓,迁居陕西大荔,后裔为当地大姓。

参考文献

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  • 元史》卷一百三十六 列傳第二十三
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拜住 (扎剌亦儿氏)
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