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可敦

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可敦蒙古语ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ鲍培转写qatun西里尔字母хатан),是鲜卑突厥契丹蒙古女性的头衔,初为可孙,最早见于《南齐书》,指北魏皇后,一般认为源自1世纪至3世纪的鲜卑部落,柔然亦有此称呼。[1]可汗一样用在统治者身上。可敦常作為君主配偶的稱號。蒙古时代又译作哈屯

奥斯曼帝国,以可敦来称呼苏丹的母亲、女儿、及后妃,这一用法在16世纪之后被“蘇丹娜”代替。[2]但之后可敦仍被用作对女性的敬称。

現在孟加拉國女性穆斯林也有使用此頭銜。

参见

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注释

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  1. ^ 罗新,柔然官制续考,中华文史论丛,2007年1期。
  2. ^ Peirce, Leslie P. The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. 1993. ISBN 0-19-507673-7. 
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可敦
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