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疊氮化銣

疊氮化銣
IUPAC名
Rubidium azide
识别
CAS号 22756-36-1  ☒N
SMILES
 
  • [N-]=[Rb+]=[N-].[K+]
InChI
 
  • InChI=1S/Rb.N3/c;1-3-2/q+1;-1
性质
化学式 RbN3
摩尔质量 127.488 g/mol g·mol⁻¹
外观 無色[1] 吸濕性結晶[2]
密度 2.79 g/cm3[3]
熔点 310 °C (分解)[1][3]
沸点 熔化時就分解,因此沒有沸點。
溶解性 * 1070 g/l (16 °C)[3]
危险性
主要危害 有毒
NFPA 704
3
3
3
 
相关物质
其他阳离子 叠氮化鋰叠氮化鈉叠氮化鉀叠氮化銫疊氮化鉛
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

疊氮化銣是一種無機化合物,是一種疊氮化合物,其分子式為RbN3

制備

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它可以透過碳酸銣疊氮化鈉的複分解反應製備[4]

Rb₂CO₃+2NaN₃→Na₂CO₃+2RbN₃

疊氮化銣會在氮的影響下的放電,形成氮化銣。[5]

性質

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物理性質

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疊氮化銣的晶體結構為四方晶系,空間群I4/mcm,晶格參數為 a =630.8 pm,C=753.7 pm,每單位晶胞有4個單位[2][6],這和疊氮化鋰疊氮化鈉疊氮化鉀類似[7]

疊氮化鋰的晶格[8]疊氮化銣也是和疊氮化鉀疊氮化鋰一樣是四方結構[7]

化學性質

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溫度加熱到310°C疊氮化銣會分解,除了釋放出60%的元素外,還會釋放氮化銣[9];但是,它不會爆炸[10]

2RbN3 → 2Rb + 3N2
3RbN3Rb3N + 4N2

參考文獻

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Dale L. Perry; Sidney L. Phillips. Handbook of inorganic compounds. CRC Press. 1995: 301. ISBN 0849386713. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Jean D'Ans, Ellen Lax: Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker. 3. Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien, Minerale, Band 3. 4. Auflage, Springer, 1997, ISBN 978-3-5406-0035-0, S. 688 (《疊氮化銣》在Google Books的內容。).
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Dale L. Perry, Sidney L. Phillips: Handbook of inorganic compounds. CRC Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8493-8671-8, S. 333 (《疊氮化銣》在Google Books的內容。).
  4. ^ Dissertation: "Strukturchemische Untersuchungen von Halogenidaziden des Bariums, Thalliums und Zinks", Universität Dortmund, 2001. PDF页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  5. ^ H. Wattenberg: "Über zwei Bildungsweisen von Natriumnitrid und Kaliumnitrid" in Ber. d. dt. chem. Ges. 1930, 63(7), S. 1667-1672. doi: 10.1002/cber.19300630708
  6. ^ Ulrich Müller: "Verfeinerung der Kristallstrukturen von KN3, RbN3, CsN3 und TlN3" in Zeitschr. f. anorg. u. allg. Chem. 1972, 392(2), S. 159-166. doi:10.1002/zaac.19723920207
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Khilji, M. Y.; Sherman, W. F.; Wilkinson, G. R. Variable temperature and pressure Raman spectra of potassium azide KN3. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy (Wiley-Blackwell). 1982, 12 (3): 300–303. ISSN 0377-0486. doi:10.1002/jrs.1250120319. 
  8. ^ Pringle, G. E.; Noakes, D. E. The crystal structures of lithium, sodium and strontium azides. Acta Cryst. February 1968,. B24 (2): 262–269. doi:10.1107/S0567740868002062. 
  9. ^ Don M. Yost: "Systematic Inoganic Chemistry", Verlag Read Books, 2007. ISBN 978-1-4067-7302-6. S. 128ff. (《疊氮化銣》在Google Books的內容。)
  10. ^ R. Abegg, F. Auerbach: 'Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie'. Verlag S. Hirzel, Bd. 2, 1908. S. 430.Volltext
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疊氮化銣
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