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余玠防蜀之战

余玠防蜀之战南宋淳祐三年(乃马真后称制二年,1243年)至宝祐元年(元宪宗三年,1253年),宋朝名将余玠用山城防御蒙古帝国军队进攻。

淳祐元年(1241年)十一月,窝阔台去世,内部纷争汗位,不能对南宋大规模战争,南宋得以暂时休整。宋理宗命在淮东立功的余玠兵部侍郎,四川制置使兼知重庆府,主管四川防务。余玠革除弊政,采纳播州冉氏兄弟的建议,用山城牵制骑兵,先后修筑青居城(今四川省南充市南)、大获城(今四川省苍溪县东南)、钓鱼城(今重庆市合川区东)、云顶城(今四川省金堂县南)等十余城,迁郡治到山城。调金州(今陕西省安康市)之兵到大获城,调沔州(今陕西省略阳县)之兵到青居城,调兴元府(今陕西省汉中市)之兵到合州(今重庆市合川区东钓鱼城),共同防守内水(今涪江嘉陵江渠江),调利州之兵到云顶城,防守外水(今岷江沱江)。以山城据险设防,屯兵储粮,训练士卒,建成以重庆为中心的防御体系。淳祐六年(1246年),贵由派蒙古分兵四路入蜀,余玠依靠山城体系。又打退了蒙古军的进攻。淳祐十年(1250年),余玠调兵北伐。自率主力,取金牛道向汉中(今陕西省汉中市)进发,三战连胜。次年四月,余玠率军十万进占汉中之西的中梁山,烧毁汉中至大散关(今陕西省宝鸡市西)栈道。蒙古軍围攻汉中,昼夜攻打,蒙古军修复栈道,援军到达,余玠久攻不克,只好撤军。淳祐十二年(1252年),余玠率军击退进攻嘉定(今四川省乐山市)的蒙古军,四川形势好转[1]

注釋

  1. ^ 《中国战典·宋辽金元时期》
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余玠防蜀之战
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