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乍得地理

乍得地圖

乍得是一個位於非洲中北部的國家,也是世界48個內陸國之一。乍得國土面積1,284,000平方公里(495,755平方英里),接近兩個法國或略大於三個加利福尼亞州的面積。乍得的人口大多數居住在南部地區。洛格内河流域的人口密度可達每平方公里54人,而北部的沙漠地區人口密度僅有每平方公里0.1人。乍得首都是恩贾梅纳,人口超過70萬人。按照生態及氣候,乍得可以分為四個地區。北部的撒哈拉沙漠地區年均降水量不到200 mm(7.9英寸),人口稀少。中部的薩赫勒地區年均降水量有200、700 mm(7.9、27.6英寸)。南部地區多稱為蘇丹地區,年均降水量有700、1,000 mm(27.6、39.4英寸)。西南端的幾內亞地區年均降水量約1,000、1,200 mm(39.4、47.2英寸)。乍得總體地形平坦,北部和東部的地勢較高。最高點是庫西山,高3,100米(10,171英尺)。乍得湖是西非第二大湖泊[1],也是非洲最重要的濕地之一[2],是至少120種魚類和眾多鳥類的棲息地。但在過去40年,由於人類用水量的增加和降水減少,乍得湖的面積從1963年的2.5萬平方公里縮小至1350平方公里。 [3]

參考資料

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  1. ^ Mueckenheim, J.K. Countries of the World & Their Leaders Yearbook 08. Gale virtual reference library. Thomson Gale. 2007: 390 [12 September 2019]. ISBN 978-0-7876-8107-4. (原始内容存档于2022-01-12).  |issue=被忽略 (帮助)
  2. ^ Lake Chad fishermen pack up their nets. BBC News. 15 January 2007 [12 September 2019]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-27). 
  3. ^ Leonard, Thomas M. Encyclopedia of the Developing World. Routledge. 2005: 311–312 [12 September 2019]. ISBN 978-1-57958-388-0. (原始内容存档于2022-01-12). 

外部連結

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乍得地理
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