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K-M 估計量

想像家陣病人按遺傳特性分兩組(Gene AGene B);每隔一段時間,研究者都檢查吓仲有幾多位病人生存緊。
呢篇文 需要熟悉呢方面嘅人幫手寫。 詳情請去討論頁睇。

K-M 估計量英文Kaplan-Meier estimator)係種用嚟估計生還函數非參數做法。重點係要將時間睇做一大拃細嘅間距。

首先,假設[1][2]

  1. 响是但一個時間點,因為刪失而睇唔到嘅個體,生還機率同仲睇到嗰啲個體一樣;
  2. 無論一個個體早定遲加入,佢嘅生還機率都一樣;
  3. 件終結事件响探測到佢嗰個時間點發生[註 1]

「生存到時間點 嘅機率」係用條件概率噉嘅方式計:「生存到時間點 嘅機率」係「生存過時間點 1 嘅機率」乘「已知生存過時間點 1,生存過時間點 2 嘅機率」... 如此類推,數學化啲講即係[3]

當中 係指時間點 嗰陣嘅個體總數,而 係指時間點 嗰陣嘅死亡人數(或者終結事件發生次數[1]

睇埋

[編輯]

註釋

[編輯]
  1. 呢點响實際應用上可以有問題:例如想像家陣每隔 咁耐就睇個病人一次,响時間點 發現佢死咗,佢嘅真實死亡時間 原則上係

參考資料

[編輯]
  1. 1.0 1.1 Goel, M. K., Khanna, P., & Kishore, J. (2010). Understanding survival analysis: Kaplan-Meier estimate. International journal of Ayurveda research, 1(4), 274.
  2. Altman, D. G. (1991). Analysis of survival times. Practical statistics for medical research, 1.
  3. Stalpers, Lukas J A; Kaplan, Edward L (4 May 2018). "Edward L. Kaplan and the Kaplan-Meier Survival Curve". BSHM Bulletin: Journal of the British Society for the History of Mathematics. 33 (2): 109-135.
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K-M 估計量
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