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詞位

呢篇文 需要熟悉呢方面嘅人幫手寫。 詳情請去討論頁睇。

語言學上,一個詞位ci4 wai2英文lexeme,似粵拼lek1 sim4,對應粵音漢字叻禪)指可以喺字典上面以條目方式出現嘅[1],或者可以理解做概念上嘅字。

喺一啲語言,字可以發生詞形變化,包括時態等等嘅變化,除非變化太大,令人認唔出基本形態係乜,喺詞位上會全部唔理,因為爾啲變化喺概念上對字嘅意義完全無關。例如,英文入面現在式嘅 run、過去式嘅 ran 同現在分詞 running 都只係同一隻字嘅唔同型態,基本形態係不定詞 run,爾個基本形態就係詞位。又例如,芬蘭文可以喺字尾加 -ni 表示 「我嘅」,例如 nimi 係 「名」,nimeni 係 「我嘅名」,字典唔會列出 nimeni 爾個字,因為佢只係詞形變化,詞位係名詞 nimi。

另一方面,望落一樣嘅字如果字義上毫無關係,可以視為唔同嘅詞位。例如,同樣係 throw,「deu6」 嘅意思同 「拉坯」 嘅意思完全冇關係,字典嘅編輯可以揀將佢嘅當做兩個唔同嘅詞位處理。

睇埋

[編輯]

[編輯]
  1. "lexeme". Oxford Reference. 喺2023年2月22號搵到.
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詞位
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