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EC编号

EC编号EC号酶学委员会英语Enzyme Commission所制作的一套编号分类法,是以每种酶所催化化学反应为分类基础[1]。这套分类法亦同时会为各种酶给予一个建议的名称,所以亦称为酶学委员会命名法

历史

于1955年在布鲁塞尔举行的国际生物化学大会,设立了酶学委员会,这个酶命名法才开始发展,初版于1961年发行。于1992年在国际生物化学与分子生物学大会中发行的第六版中,已包含有3196种不同的酶。

编号规则

每一个酶的编号都以字母“EC”起头,接着以四个号码来表示,这些号码代表逐步更细致的为酶作出分类。就如三肽胺基 蛋白酶的编号为EC3.4.11.4,当中的“EC3”是指水解酶(即以来将分子分解的酶);“EC3.4”是那些与肽键产生作用的水解酶;“EC3.4.11”是单指那些从多胜肽中分开胺基末端的水解酶;“EC3.4.11.4”则是从三肽中分开胺基末端的水解酶。

严格来说,EC编号并非指定不同种类的酶,而是指定催化作用。如不同的酶(在不同的生物中)催化同一的各应,它们均会编有同一的编号。

顶层的编组

顶层的EC编号[2]
组别 被催化的化学反应 典型反应 酶的例子(俗名)
EC 1英语List of EC numbers (EC 1)
氧化还原酶
催化氧化/还原作用;将氢及氧原子,或电子从一物质转移至另一物质。 AH + B → A + BH (还原)
A + O → AO (氧化)
脱氢酶氧化酶
EC 2英语List of EC numbers (EC 2)
转移酶
官能团从一个物质转移至另一物质。转移的基团可以是甲基、酰基、氨基或磷酸。 AB + C → A + BC 转氨酶激酶
EC 3英语List of EC numbers (EC 3)
水解酶
底物水解来生成两个化合物。 AB + H2O → AOH + BH 脂肪酶淀粉酶蛋白酶
EC 4英语List of EC numbers (EC 4)
裂合酶
非水解的增加或移走底物的某些基团。C-C、C-N、C-O 或 C-S 等共价键可能被分裂。 RCOCOOH → RCOH + CO2
[X-A-B-Y] → [A=B + X-Y]
Decarboxylase
EC 5英语List of EC numbers (EC 5)
异构酶
重整分子内的排列,例如将分子异构化 ABC → BCA 异构酶变位酶
EC 6英语List of EC numbers (EC 6)
连接酶
合成新的C-O、C-S、C-N 或 C-C 等共价键,并同时分解三磷酸腺苷(ATP)来把两个分子结合。 X + Y+ ATP → XY + ADP + Pi 合成酶

参考文献

  1. ^ Webb EC. Enzyme nomenclature 1992: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology on the nomenclature and classification of enzymes. San Diego, CA: Published for the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology by Academic Press. 1992. ISBN 0-12-227164-5. (原始内容存档于2017-09-05). 
  2. ^ Moss GP. Recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee. International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology on the Nomenclature and Classification of Enzymes by the Reactions they Catalyse. [2006-03-14]. (原始内容存档于2017-09-05). 

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EC编号
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