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鸟嘌呤

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鸟嘌呤
IUPAC名
2-Amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one
别名 2-氨基-6-羟基嘌呤
2-氨基次黄嘌呤
识别
CAS号 73-40-5  checkY
PubChem 135398634
ChemSpider 744
SMILES
 
  • O=C1c2ncnc2nc(N)N1
InChI
 
  • 1/C5H5N5O/c6-5-9-3-2(4(11)10-5)7-1-8-3/h1H,(H4,6,7,8,9,10,11)
InChIKey UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYAE
Beilstein 147911
Gmelin 431879
ChEBI 16235
RTECS MF8260000
DrugBank DB02377
KEGG C00242
IUPHAR配体 4556
性质
化学式 C5H5N5O
摩尔质量 151.13 g·mol⁻¹
外观 白色无定形固体
密度 2.200 g/cm3(计算)
熔点 360 °C(633 K)(分解)
沸点 升华
溶解性 不溶
pKa 3.3(酰胺氮)、9.2(仲胺氮)、12.3(伯胺氮)[1]
危险性
主要危害 刺激性
NFPA 704
1
1
0
 
闪点 不可燃
相关物质
相关化学品 胞嘧啶
腺嘌呤
胸腺嘧啶
尿嘧啶
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

鸟嘌呤(英语:Guanine,又称鸟粪嘌呤,简写为G)是五种不同碱基中的其中之一,并同时存在于脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)及核糖核酸(RNA)中。鸟嘌呤是嘌呤的一种,并与胞嘧啶(cytosine)以三个氢键相连。

基本原理

鸟嘌呤,同腺嘌呤和胞嘧啶一样,在DNA和RNA中同时出现。而胸腺嘧啶通常在DNA中发现,尿嘧啶只在RNA中出现。

其它

词语 “ 鸟(粪)嘌呤 ” :1884年,德-Magus教授的学生J-Bodo-Unger,于海鸟粪(guano)分离出,于1886命名为 “鸟粪嘌呤 (guanine)”,来源于西班牙语词语guano,而该词本身起源于克丘亚语wanu[2]

鸟嘌呤也是秋刀鱼等鱼类银白色部位的主要构成成分。

2011年8月8日,一份建基在NASA地球陨石研究发表的报告指出,构建DNARNA的基块(鸟嘌呤、腺嘌呤与相关有机分子)可能是在地球之外的外太空形成的[3][4][5]

注释

  1. ^ Dawson, R.M.C., et al., Data for Biochemical Research, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1959.
  2. ^ OED. "guanine" 和 "guano".
  3. ^ Callahan; Smith, K.E.; Cleaves, H.J.; Ruzica, J.; Stern, J.C.; Glavin, D.P.; House, C.H.; Dworkin, J.P. Carbonaceous meteorites contain a wide range of extraterrestrial nucleobases. PNAS. 11 August 2011 [2011-08-15]. doi:10.1073/pnas.1106493108. (原始内容存档于2011-09-18). 
  4. ^ Steigerwald, John. NASA Researchers: DNA Building Blocks Can Be Made in Space. NASA. 8 August 2011 [2011-08-10]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-26). 
  5. ^ ScienceDaily Staff. DNA Building Blocks Can Be Made in Space, NASA Evidence Suggests. ScienceDaily. 9 August 2011 [2011-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2011-09-05). 

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鸟嘌呤
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