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项燕

项燕
本名姓:芈
氏:项
名:燕
逝世前223年
国籍楚国
活跃时期战国时期
儿女项梁

项燕(?—前223年),楚国下相(今江苏省宿迁宿城区)人。战国末期楚国大将军,是抗将领项梁之父,西楚霸王项羽的祖父。在秦灭楚之战中,项燕曾大败秦将李信,但不久之后被王翦击破,兵败自杀

家世

据《史记》记载,项氏世世代代为楚将,其家族被封于[1]

秦灭楚战争及项燕败亡

前225年,秦将李信率20万大军进攻楚国,为楚国大将项燕所败,秦军几乎全军覆没。

前224年,秦国大将王翦又率60万大军进攻楚国,王翦采用了坚守不出的战术,导致项燕防备松懈之后偷袭项燕军,大破楚军,攻下楚国首都寿春,俘虏了楚王负刍,项燕败退至“蕲南”[2](今安徽宿县东,又说今湖北蕲春西北),立昌平君为楚王。

次年,王翦追击楚军,项燕为王翦所围逼而自杀,楚败亡。

家庭

注释

  1. ^ 《史记·项羽本纪》:项氏世世为楚将,封于项,故姓项氏。
  2. ^ 《史记·王剪列传》:荆数挑战而秦不出,乃引而东。翦因举兵追之,令壮士击,大破荆军。至蕲南,杀其将军项燕,荆兵遂败走。秦因乘胜略定荆地城邑。岁馀,虏荆王负刍,竟平荆地为郡县。
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项燕
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