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阻遏蛋白

此条目目前正依照en:Repressor上的内容进行翻译。 (2021年3月17日)如果您擅长翻译,并清楚本条目的领域,欢迎协助翻译、改善或校对本条目。此外,长期闲置、未翻译或影响阅读的内容可能会被移除。
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乳糖操纵子图解:1:RNA聚合酶;2:乳糖抑制子;3:启动子;4:操纵基因;5:乳糖;6:lacZ基因;7:lacY基因;8:lacA基因

分子遗传学中,阻遏蛋白,又称为抑制子(英文:Repressor)是指一种DNA或RNA结合蛋白,通过与操纵子或相关的沉默子结合来抑制一个或多个基因表达。DNA结合阻遏子阻止RNA聚合酶启动子的连接,从而防止基因转录成信使RNA。可与RNA结合的阻遏子与mRNA结合并阻止mRNA转译蛋白质。这种对基因表达的阻挡或减低称为抑制

功能

如果存在诱导物,即启动基因表达的分子,则它可以与阻遏蛋白相互作用并将其与操纵子分离。 然后RNA聚合酶可以转录信息(表达基因)。 共阻遏蛋白英语Corepressor是一种分子,可以与阻遏蛋白结合并使其与操纵子紧密结合,从而减少转录。

虽然阻遏蛋白在原核生物中更常见,但它们在真核生物中很少见。 此外,大多数已知的真核抑制因子存在于简单的生物体(例如酵母)中,并通过直接与激活因子相互作用而发挥作用[1]。 这与也可以改变 DNA 或 RNA 结构的原核阻遏蛋白形成对比。

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ Clark, David P.; Pazdernik, Nanette J.; McGehee, Michelle R., Clark, David P.; Pazdernik, Nanette J.; McGehee, Michelle R. , 编, Chapter 17 - Regulation of Transcription in Eukaryotes, Molecular Biology (Third Edition) (Academic Cell), 2019-01-01: 560–580 [2020-12-02], ISBN 978-0-12-813288-3, (原始内容存档于2021-11-06) (英语) 

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阻遏蛋白
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