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银川平原

河套银川一带

银川平原,是位于中国宁夏回族自治区中北部的一个平原。银川平原属于河套平原中的西套平原,是一个冲积平原。[1]

地理

银川平原宁夏平原中北部,北到石嘴山,南至黄土高原,东临鄂尔多斯高原,西接贺兰山。黄河从南至北流过银川平原。东西宽10~50公里,南北长280公里,面积7800平方公里。海拔1100~1200米。地质构造上属于断层陷落后经黄河冲积而成,及平原湖沼长期淤积而成。[2]

银川平原分南北两部,以青铜峡为界,以北为银吴平原,以南为卫宁平原[3]

银川平原处于温带干旱地区,日照充足,年均日照时数3000小时左右,无霜期约160天。昼夜温差较大,年降水量200毫米左右。

经济

由于黄河流经银川平原,加之秦代蒙恬屯兵以来历朝历代在银川平原兴修各种水利设施,秦渠汉渠唐徕渠惠农渠等灌渠形成了银川平原的灌渠网络,使得银川平原的灌溉农业十分发达,又有“天下黄河富宁夏”之称。截止2008年,银川平原各时期修建的干支渠总数已达3000多条,总长度7000多公里;灌溉排水沟有40条,总长度1825公里[4]。依托良好的灌溉条件,加之银川平原日照时间长,昼夜温差大,使得银川平原可以大规模种植水稻小麦大豆玉米甜菜等作物,是西北重要的产粮基地,并且还是中国西北最大的水产养殖基地。[5]由于良好的农业基础,银川平原素有“塞上江南”之美誉。[6]

参考

  1. ^ 银川平原:出门就是“博物馆”-光明日报-光明网. [2021-11-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-23). 
  2. ^ 塞上湖城 重构“城市之肺”_图片频道_新华网. [2021-11-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-23). 
  3. ^ 凭这5点 宁夏引黄古灌区获评世界灌溉工程遗产-中新网. [2021-11-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-23). 
  4. ^ 姜雪城. 宁夏辉煌50年. 中央政府门户网站. 新华社. [2020-05-30]. (原始内容存档于2008-09-25). 
  5. ^ 这里是"塞上江南"!今天,她迎来六十周年大庆_中国经济网——国家经济门户. [2021-11-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-23). 
  6. ^ “塞上江南”庆丰收_新闻中心_中国网. [2021-11-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-23). 
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银川平原
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