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针状体

针状体,2004年6月

针状体是从太阳光球以每秒大约20公里向上,直径500公里的动态喷射物,这是在罗马梵蒂冈天文台安杰洛·塞基神父在1877年发现的。整个色球层都布满了针状体。

说明

针状体的生命期在5至10分钟,可以在太阳的边缘看见瘦长的身影(如果在盘面看见,通常称为“杂斑(mottles)”或“原纤维(fibrils)”)。它们通常和高磁性的区域联系在一起,物质的流量大约是太阳风的100倍。

普遍性

任何时间,在太阳的表面都有约300,000个针状体围绕着,一个典型的针状体可以伸展到光球之上3,000至10,000公里的高度。

成因

Bart De Pontieu(洛克马丁太阳和天文物理实验室)、Robert Erdélyi和James P. Stewart(两人都来自英国谢菲尔德大学)在2004年提出了针状体成因于太阳表面P-模式振荡的假说。在太阳表面以五分钟周期振荡的声波会造成表面每秒数百米的上下起伏(参见日震学)。被垂直掀动的磁流管可能聚集并引导物质上升进入大气层内形成针状体。但在太阳物理的论坛中对此仍然有所争议。

论文

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针状体
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