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避格

避格(缩写:evit)是一种,应用于澳大利亚原住民语言中,被标记名词被避免或被人所恐惧。

用于

如Walmajarri语:

Yapa-warnti pa-lu tjurtu-karrarla laparnkanja natji-karti.
孩子们-ABSPL IND-他们 尘-AVERSIVE 跑开了 洞穴-ALL
孩子们因为沙尘暴跑进了洞穴。

后缀-karrarla暗示动作(跑开)是出于避免沙尘暴tjurtu-而发生的。

避格也可用于标记表示害怕的动词的宾语。如贾布盖语:

Djama-lan ŋawu yarrnga-nj.
蛇-AVERSIVE 怕-PAST
我曾怕蛇。

避格可用在名词化动词上,这时等效于“以免”。例如“以免他们被遗忘”即“避免他们被遗忘”。

语言

有避格的语言很少。一般情况下用于避格的词缀还会用于另几种功能。

以下语言有避格:

  • 阿兰达语
  • 贾布盖语
  • 瓦尔曼巴语
  • 瓦尔皮利语
  • 西部沙漠语
  • 伊蒂尼语

参考

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避格
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