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辽南条约

《辽南条约》(日语)

辽南条约》,又称《交收辽南条约》或《中日交还奉天省南边地方条约》,为清朝日本于1895年(光绪二十一年)11月8日在北京签署的条约,日本方面称为《辽东还付条约》。中方代表为钦差头等全权大臣李鸿章日方代表为日本驻中国公使林董

背景

清朝在1895年与大日本帝国爆发的甲午战争战败后,与日本签定《马关条约》。根据《马关条约》,中国割让福建台湾省辽东半岛给日本,并承认朝鲜独立。六日后,俄国德国法国以提供“友善劝告”为借口,要求日本将辽东半岛归还予中国,史称三国干涉还辽

三国向日本外务省提出备忘录,声明:“查阅日本国向中国所要求之媾和条件,认辽东半岛为日本所有,不特有常危中国首都之虞,且同时朝鲜国之独立亦为有名无实,对于将来远东之和平予以障害”,因之劝告日本政府,“应放弃领有辽东半岛”。日本通过外交途径请求英国美国帮助,但英美两国皆表示中立。

由于俄、德、法三国态度强硬,日本在外交压力之下决定妥协,与三国达成协议:日本归还辽东半岛予中国,但清廷要付出“赎辽费”作为赔偿。原先日本提出的“赎辽费”为5,000万两白银,经与三国磋商将赔偿银改为3,000万两。随后清朝派李鸿章与日本驻华公使林董举行会谈。11月8日,中日双方正式签订了《辽南条约》,清廷赎回了辽东半岛。

主要内容

条约共六款,主要内容是:

一、日本交还辽东半岛给中国。

二、中国在1895年11月16日前,交付日本库平银三千万两。

三、自交付赎金之日起三个月内,日军撤出辽东半岛。

参考文献

参见

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辽南条约
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