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迦湿弥罗国.
迦湿弥罗国（梵语：काश्मीर，कश्मीर，IAST：Kāśmīra，Kaśmīra）是北印度古代国家，即今天的克什米尔。《大唐西域记》引“迦湿弥罗国志”称佛陀入灭后第五十年由末田底迦来此建国，此前为无人湖区[1]。
历史记载
《大唐西域记》卷三有对迦湿弥罗国的记载：
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从此（乌剌尸国）东南，登山履险，度铁桥，行千余里，至迦湿弥罗国（旧曰罽宾，讹也。北印度境）。迦湿弥罗国，周七千余里。四境负山，山极峭峻，虽有门径，而复隘狭，自古邻敌无能攻伐。国大都城西临大河，南北十二三里，东西四五里。宜稼穑，多花果，出龙种马及郁金香、火珠、药草。气序寒劲，多雪少风。服毛褐，衣白氎。土俗轻僄，人多怯懦。国为龙护，遂雄邻境。容貌妍美，情性诡诈。好学多闻，邪正兼信。伽蓝百余所，僧徒五千余人。有四窣堵波，并无忧王建也，各有如来舍利斗余。
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注释引用
- ^ 《大唐西域记·迦湿弥罗国》：“国志曰：国地本龙池也。昔佛世尊自乌仗那国降恶神已欲还中国。乘空当此国上告阿难曰：‘我涅槃之后有末田底迦阿罗汉。当于此地建国安人弘扬佛法。’如来寂灭之后第五十年。阿难弟子末田底迦罗汉者。得六神通具八解脱。闻佛悬记心自庆悦。便来至此于大山岭。……时阿罗汉既得其地。运大神通力立五百伽蓝。于诸异国买鬻贱人。以充役使。以供僧众。”
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