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北俱卢洲.
北俱卢洲(梵语:उत्तर कुरु,罗马化:úttara-kuru),又译为北具卢洲、北俱芦洲、北拘卢洲、北鸠留洲、北高胜洲、北高上洲、郁单越、郁怛啰俱芦、郁多罗、郁单越、郁多罗鸠留、嗢怛罗矩噜、北洲[1]等,为婆罗门教与佛教以及耆那教中的大陆之一,位于北方。为佛教四大部洲中唯一不闻佛法之处,人民只享痴福。俱卢是印度吠陀文明时期的部族,而北俱卢是俱卢以北或喜马拉雅山以北的部族。
洪呼王(月亮王朝中的首位国王)在位期间,北俱卢与俱卢国同属一个俱卢帝国。阿周那曾在北俱卢为坚战王的王祭收集祭品。史诗还提到他们遵循的是没有君主的共和制度。
词源
梵语“úttara”义为“北、高、远”,和希腊语“ὕστερος”(hústeros;义为后部、尾部、秘密的)同源;音译为“郁怛啰”、“郁多罗”等,故“郁怛啰洲”本身就义为“北洲”。因本意就是高、上,所以也作“高胜”、“高上”、“福地”。
kuru音译为“拘卢”、“鸠留”等,原为北印度地区的称呼,代指北部洲。
往世书
根据往世书中的描述,北俱卢位于现世之中。大地由七个同心环形大陆构成,又由七个环形海分别将各大陆围绕隔开。中央大陆为赡部洲,赡部洲由九部分组成,北俱卢为其中之一。
概论
《阿含经》称:“北面有洲,名郁单越,其地纵广十千由旬,四方正等”。《阿毘昙论》说:“地方高大,定寿千岁,无诸苦,常受乐,胜余洲,故名高胜”。由多闻天王居住、护持。
北俱卢洲地多山,山侧有诸园观浴池,共有四个游乐苑,即善现苑、普贤苑、善华苑、喜乐苑。
注释
- ^ 《佛学大辞典》【北拘卢洲】:(杂名)即北俱卢洲。佛经所说四大洲之一。在须弥山北。彼洲人民平等安乐,寿足千年。洲形正方。
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