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许穆

许穆
许穆
朝鲜语名称
谚文허목
汉字許穆
文观部式Heo Mog
马-赖式Huh Mok
谚文미수,태령노인
汉字眉叟,台領老人
文观部式Misu,Taeryungroin
马-赖式Misoo,Taeyyeongrhoin
表字
谚文문보,화보
汉字文甫,和甫
文观部式Moonbo,Hwabo
马-赖式Munbo,Hwabo
谥号
谚文문정
汉字文正
文观部式Munjung
马-赖式Munjeong

许穆(1595年—1682年4月27日),字文甫和甫,号眉叟台领老人,谥号文正朝鲜王朝后期政治家、思想家、作家、诗人、画家、敎育家,礼讼争议时南人党的强硬派及领导人。历官大司成、吏曹判书大司宪右议政等。西人党的领导人宋时烈的主要政敌之一。

生平

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许穆原本是一个博学的儒学弟子,朝鲜儒学者退溪李滉的门人寒冈郑逑的门下修学。他的青、壮年期足不出仕,直到50岁才担任官职。56岁建议采取两项靖陵参奉,但一个月后辞职。

孝宗去世时(孝宗十年,1659年),其继母赵大妃的服丧期限问题,引起史称“己亥礼讼”的激烈党争。当时掌权的西人党首领宋时烈根据《朱子家礼》主张期年说(一年);而身为在野的南人党要角许穆、尹鑴则主张三年说。由于和孝宗继承王位的正统性有关,因而倍受重视,最后采取期年说[1]

显宗十五年(1674年),孝宗妃、仁宣王后张氏过世,孝宗继母赵氏的服丧期限问题再度引发史称“甲寅礼讼”的党争。宋时烈、金寿恒等西人党依据《朱子家礼》主张大功说(九个月);而许穆等南人党则主张期年说。结果采用期年说,政权也移转到南人手中。

同年肃宗即位,南人全面掌权,许穆获任大司宪。以后历吏曹参判、备边司堂上、归厚署提调、议政府右参赞、成均馆祭酒[2]等职。肃宗二年(1675年)任吏曹判书,升右议政。肃宗七年(1680年),受族人许坚的狱事累连而罢职。肃宗十九年(1692年)去世,获追赠为领议政[3]

著作

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  • 《经礼类纂》(1647)
  • 《东事》(1667)
  • 《淸士列传》(1667)
  • 《经说》(1677)
  • 《眉叟记言》(1689)
  • 《眉叟天字文》

作品

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  • 《陟州东海碑文》
  • 《李成中墓表》

图画

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  • 《墨竹图》

参见

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参考

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参考资料

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许穆
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