For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 交错级数判别法.

交错级数判别法

交错级数审敛法(Alternating series test)是证明无穷级数收敛的一种方法,最早由戈特弗里德·莱布尼茨发现,因此该方法通常也称为莱布尼茨判别法莱布尼茨准则

具有以下形式的级数

其中所有的an 非负,被称作交错级数,如果当n趋于无穷时,数列an的极限存在且等于0,并且每个an小于或等于an-1(即,数列an单调递减的),那么级数收敛.如果L是级数的和

那么部分和

逼近L有截断误差

证明

我们假设级数具有形式.当趋于无穷时,数列的极限等于0,并且每个 小于或等于(即单调递减数列).[1]

收敛性证明

给定数列前 项的部分和 .由于每个括号内的和非正,并且 ,那么前 项的部分和不大于 .

并且每个部分和可写做 .每个括号内的和非负.因此,级数 单调递增:对任何 均有:.

结合以上两段论述,由单调收敛定理可得,存在数 使得 .

由于 并且 ,那么 .给定数列的和为 ,其中 为有限数,从而数列收敛.

部分和截断误差的证明

在收敛性的证明过程中,我们发现是单调递增的.由于,并且括号中的每一项是非正的,这样可知是单调递减的.由先前的论述,,因此.类似的,由于是单调递增且收敛到,我们有.因此我们有对所有的n均成立.

因此如果k是奇数我们有,而如果k是偶数我们有

参阅

图书资料

  • Knopp,Konrad,"Infinite Sequences and Series",Dover publications,Inc.,New York,1956.(§ 3.4) ISBN 0-486-60153-6
  • Whittaker,E.T.,and Watson,G.N.,A Course in Modern Analysis,fourth edition,Cambridge University Press,1963.(§ 2.3) ISBN 0-521-58807-3
  • Last,Philip,"Sequences and Series",New Science,Dublin,1979.(§ 3.4) ISBN 0-286-53154-3

参考文献

  1. ^ Beklemishev, Dmitry V. Analytic geometry and linear algebra course 10. FIZMATLIT. 2005. 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
交错级数判别法
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?