For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 耳膜穿孔.

耳膜穿孔

此条目翻译品质不佳。 (2023年2月15日)翻译者可能不熟悉中文或原文语言,也可能使用了机器翻译。请协助翻译本条目或重新编写,并注意避免翻译腔的问题。明显拙劣的翻译请改挂((d|G13))提交删除。
鼓膜穿孔
同义词耳鼓膜穿孔, 鼓膜刺破, 鼓膜破裂
一个完全穿孔鼓膜,可见锤骨柄。
症状听力损失, 耳痛, 耳朵流脓, 耳鸣[1]
并发症长期听力损失, 胆脂瘤, 乳突炎[2]
起病年龄突发[2]
病因中耳感染, 外伤, 耳道压力骤然巨变[1][3]
诊断方法基于耳镜检查[1]
治疗保守治疗, 控制感染, 外科手术[1]
预后[2]
患病率常见[2]
分类和外部资源
医学专科耳鼻喉手术
ICD-11AB13
ICD-10H72、​S09.2
MedlinePlus001038
[编辑此条目的维基数据]

耳膜穿孔又称鼓膜穿孔,是指鼓膜不完整,上面有一个洞[1]。耳膜穿孔后可能会引起听力丧失、耳痛、流出渗出液,或者耳鸣 等相关症状[1]。部分患者伴有暂时性眩晕,如同时存在内耳损伤则眩晕症状可能会持续存在[2] [3]。耳膜穿孔还可能引起长期听力损失、胆脂瘤和乳突炎等并发症[2]

耳膜穿孔原因可能有中耳感染外伤(打耳朵或挖耳取出耵聍和异物等耳朵清理行为)、强噪声或外界大气压力剧烈变化(例如水肺潜水[1] [3]。可以通过用耳镜观察来诊断耳膜穿孔[1]。 必要时进行听力测试[3]

穿孔通常会自愈;建议穿孔自愈前要保持耳朵干燥[1] [3]。使用抗生素可以预防和治疗感染[1]。如果穿孔较大或穿孔两个月后仍未愈合,可以选择鼓膜修补术[1] [3]

鼓膜穿孔比较常见[2]。年轻人最容易出现鼓膜穿孔[2]。男性也比女性容易发生鼓膜穿孔[2]。鼓膜穿孔治疗历史长久,最早可以追溯到 17世纪40 年代,当时是在穿孔的耳朵中放入耳塞进行治疗[4] [5]

参考

  1. ^ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 Perforated eardrum. nhs.uk. 23 October 2017 [27 April 2022]. (原始内容存档于24 March 2022) (英语). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Dolhi, N; Weimer, AD. Tympanic Membrane Perforations. January 2022. PMID 32491810. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Eardrum Perforation - Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders. Merck Manuals Consumer Version. [27 April 2022]. (原始内容存档于12 November 2021) (加拿大英语). 
  4. ^ Watkinson, John C.; Clarke, Ray W. Scott-Brown's Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery: Volume 2: Paediatrics, The Ear, and Skull Base Surgery. CRC Press. 12 June 2018: PT2310 [28 April 2022]. ISBN 978-1-351-39899-2. (原始内容存档于28 April 2022) (英语). 
  5. ^ Sarkar, Saurav. Endoscopic Ear Surgery: A New Horizon. JP Medical Ltd. 28 May 2016: PA53 [28 April 2022]. ISBN 978-93-85891-62-5. (原始内容存档于28 April 2022) (英语). 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
耳膜穿孔
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?