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硫酸铁

硫酸铁
IUPAC名
Iron(III) sulfate
硫酸铁(III)
识别
CAS号 10028-22-5  checkY
15244-10-7 (一水)
PubChem 24826
ChemSpider 23211
SMILES
 
  • [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
InChI
 
  • 1/2Fe.3H2O4S/c;;3*1-5(2,3)4/h;;3*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+3;;;/p-6
InChIKey RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-CYFPFDDLAR
ChEBI 53438
RTECS NO8505000
性质
化学式 Fe2(SO4)3
摩尔质量 399.88 g/mol (无水)
489.96 g/mol (五水)
562.00 g/mol (九水) g·mol⁻¹
外观 灰白色晶体
密度 3.097 g/cm3 (无水)
1.898 g/cm3 (五水)
熔点 480 °C (无水)
175 °C (九水)
溶解性 可溶
溶解性 难溶于醇,可以忽略不计在丙酮 , 乙酸乙酯 ,难溶于硫酸,硝酸,氨,氢氧化钠 上述溶液中,可微溶于PH<1.7的酸中,超过1.7溶解量也很小
折光度n
D
1.814 (无水)
1.552 (九水)
危险性
欧盟编号 未列出
NFPA 704
0
1
0
 
致死量或浓度:
LD50中位剂量
500 mg/kg (大鼠,口服)
相关物质
其他阴离子 硒酸铁
其他阳离子 硫酸钴(III)
相关化学品 硫酸亚铁
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

硫酸铁(III)的硫酸盐,化学式为Fe2(SO4)3。无水物存在单斜[1]和菱方[2]两种晶型。其水合物可溶于水。它被用作媒染剂以及工业废水的凝结剂,也用于颜料中。[3]医药上用硫酸铁作收敛剂和止血剂。[4]

中国一些厂家的硫酸铁试剂通常为含铁量21~23%的“Fe2(SO4)3·xH2O”,即x≈6,相对分子质量约为507.73。

制备

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硫酸铁可通过硫酸、硫酸亚铁热溶液与氧化剂如硝酸过氧化氢反应得到。[5]

其五水合物Fe2(SO4)3可以从含有硫酸的水溶液中通过降温结晶得到。[6][7]在不同条件下还可以得到其它水合物Fe2(SO4)3·nH2O(n=7.75和9)[8]和酸式盐(H5O2)Fe(SO4)2·H2O、Fe2(SO4)3·H2SO4·28H2O等化合物。[9]

参考资料

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  1. ^ P. C. Christidis, P. J. Rentzeperis. The crystal structure of the monoclinic Fe2(SO4)3. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials. 1975-01-01, 141 (1-6) [2019-09-15]. ISSN 2196-7105. doi:10.1524/zkri.1975.141.16.233. (原始内容存档于2018-06-26). 
  2. ^ P . J . Rentzeperis, P. C. Christidis. The crystal structure of rhombohedral Fe2(SO4)3. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials. 1976-01-01, 144 (1-6) [2019-09-15]. ISSN 2196-7105. doi:10.1524/zkri.1976.144.16.341. (原始内容存档于2018-06-11). 
  3. ^ ferric sulfate页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Retrieved November, 2007.
  4. ^ Ferric sulfate页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Online medical dictionary. Retrieved November, 2007
  5. ^ Iron compounds页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Encyclopædia Britannica Article. Retrieved November, 2007
  6. ^ J. Majzlan. The crystal structures of synthetics Fe2(SO4)3(H2O)5 and the type specimen of lausenite. American Mineralogist. 2005-02-01, 90 (2-3): 411–416 [2019-09-15]. ISSN 0003-004X. doi:10.2138/am.2005.1701 (英语). 
  7. ^ Majzlan, Juraj; Navrotsky, Alexandra; McCleskey, R. Blaine; Alpers, Charles N. Thermodynamic properties and crystal structure refinement of ferricopiapite, coquimbite, rhomboclase, and Fe2(SO4)3(H2O)5. European Journal of Mineralogy. 2006, 18 (2): 175–186 [2019-09-15]. ISSN 0935-1221. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2006/0018-0175. (原始内容存档于2021-08-03). 
  8. ^ S. Ackermann, B. Lazic, T. Armbruster, S. Doyle, K.-D. Grevel, J. Majzlan. Thermodynamic and crystallographic properties of kornelite [Fe2(SO4)3{middle dot} 7.75H2O] and paracoquimbite [Fe2(SO4)3{middle dot}9H2O]. American Mineralogist. 2009-11-01, 94 (11-12): 1620–1628 [2019-09-15]. ISSN 0003-004X. doi:10.2138/am.2009.3179 (英语). 
  9. ^ Schmidt, Horst; Hennings, Erik; Zürner, Philipp; Voigt, Wolfgang. Fe2(SO4)3·H2SO4·28H2O, a low-temperature water-rich iron(III) sulfate. Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications. 2013, 69 (4): 330–333. ISSN 0108-2701. doi:10.1107/S0108270113005969. 

外部链接

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硫酸铁
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