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硫氰酸铁

硫氰酸铁
英文名 Iron thiocyanate
别名 硫氰化铁
识别
CAS号 4119-52-2  checkY
性质
化学式 Fe(SCN)3
外观 血红色立方晶体
危险性
主要危害 有毒
相关物质
其他阴离子 氯化铁
其他阳离子 硫氰酸亚铁
硫氰酸钴
硫氰酸镍
硫氰酸钾
相关化学品 氰化钾
氰酸钾
硫氰酸钾
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

硫氰酸铁,分子式一般用Fe(SCN)3 表示,又称硫氰化铁。硫氰酸铁是血红色配合物,可溶于水。

生成

硫氰酸铁可以在酸化的高氯酸铁硫氰酸钠的反应过程中以[Fe(H2O)3(SCN)3]的形式存在于水溶液中。[1]Fe2+被(SCN)2或(SCN)3氧化也能得到三价铁的物种。[2]

结构

硫氰酸铁的形成遵循了“d2sp3杂化”,元素的核外电子排布式为:1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2。因为3d能级有5个轨道,所以失去三个电子,形成的三价铁离子形成了半充满的d轨道,从而比失去2个电子形成的二价铁离子要稳定(见洪德规则)经过重整,有2个3d轨道,1个4s轨道和3个4p轨道进行杂化,就形成了“d2sp3杂化轨道”(内轨型轨道)。从而可以知道其电子云伸展方向是正八面体,其配合物离子表示为:[Fe(SCN)6]3-[3]

参考文献

  1. ^ Charles R. Clark. A Stopped-Flow Kinetics Experiment for Advanced Undergraduate Laboratories: Formation of Iron(III) Thiocyannate. Journal of Chemical Education. 1997-10, 74 (10): 1214 [2018-10-12]. ISSN 0021-9584. doi:10.1021/ed074p1214. (原始内容存档于2019-07-21) (英语). 
  2. ^ Barbosa-Filho O, Monhemius A J. Leaching of gold in thiocyanate solutions. Part 2: redox processes in iron (III)-thiocyanate solutions[J]. TRANSACTIONS-INSTITUTION OF MINING AND METALLURGY, 1994, 103: C111-C111.
  3. ^ 《化学》 物质结构与性质. 人民教育出版社. 2009年3月 第三版: 42–43页. ISBN 978-7-107-18450-5 (中文). 
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硫氰酸铁
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