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楚顷襄王

楚顷襄王
君主
统治前298年—前263年
储君太子完
出生前329年
逝世前263年
子嗣楚考烈王
父亲楚怀王
母亲郑袖

楚顷襄王(前329年—前263年),简称楚顷王楚襄王,又作楚庄王(与其远祖楚庄王有别)[1]姓,氏,名楚怀王之子,生母为郑袖

简介

楚怀王二十七年(前315年),在秦国人质的楚太子横在私斗中杀死一个秦大夫,逃回楚国[2]

楚怀王二十八年(前301年),秦国报复,与齐国韩国魏国联盟攻打楚国,杀败楚将唐眛,夺走重丘[2][3]

楚怀王二十九年(前300年),秦国再次派兵攻打楚国,杀败楚将景缺[2]。楚怀王因恐惧秦国武力,派遣太子横到齐国人质[2]

楚怀王三十年(前299年),楚怀王因故被秦国扣留后,齐湣王让太子横返回楚国,楚人立太子横为王,是为楚顷襄王。

楚顷襄王元年(前298年),秦国知道楚国另立新君后,发兵攻楚,大败楚军,斩首五万,取十六城[4]

楚顷襄王在位期间,淫乐无度,“群臣相妒以功,谄谀用事”。

楚顷襄王十九年(前280年),秦伐楚,楚军败,割上庸、汉北地予秦。

次年秦分兵两路攻楚,一路由武安君白起率军攻陷楚之邓城后,向鄢(今湖北宜城东南)进逼;另一路由秦蜀郡守张若率水陆之军东下,向楚国的巫郡及江南地进军。白起围攻鄢,鄢之战,楚国军民数十万人被溺死,当时白起引西山长谷水,水溃城东北角,“百姓随水流,死于城东者数十万,城东皆臭,因名其陂为臭池。”(《水经注·沔水》)

秦昭襄王诈以公主许配给楚顷襄王,屈原长跪城外力谏不果。秦军趁顷襄王开城迎亲,长驱直进,[来源请求]攻入楚都,时为前278年。屈原投河自尽。顷襄王其后迁都于陈,楚国西北领土尽失。前263年秋,顷襄王去世。

骆科强《昌平君和昌文君事迹辨析及其身份推测》认为昌平君昌文君可能是楚顷襄王的庶子。


影视作品

参考文献

  1. ^ 《战国策·楚策四》:“庄辛对楚襄王说……”。高诱注《荀子》及金正炜《战国策补释》:“庄辛对楚庄王说……”
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 《史记》: 三家注
  3. ^ 资治通鉴周纪三赧王十四年》:秦庶长奂会韩、魏、齐兵伐楚,败其师于重丘,杀其将唐昧;遂取重丘。
  4. ^ 《史记: 三家注》,则记载为十五城。
前任:
楚怀王
楚国君主
前298年—前263年
继任:
楚考烈王
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楚顷襄王
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