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核酸酶

此图为限制酶(核酸内切酶) HindIII 在有效限制区间(5'–A|AGCTT–3')切割一双链DNA的过程

核酸酶(英语:nuclease)是一种能够切割核酸核苷酸之间的磷酸二酯键的酶。 核酸酶对其靶分子的单链双链断裂有不同的影响。 在生物体中,它们是DNA修复许多方面的重要机器。 某些核酸酶的缺陷会导致遗传不稳定或免疫缺陷[1]。 核酸酶也广泛用于分子克隆[2]

数值分类系统

大多数核酸酶根据“国际生物化学与分子生物学联盟命名委员会”的酶学委员会编号分类为水解酶(EC编号3)。 核酸酶与磷酸二酯酶脂肪酶磷酸酶一样属于酯酶(EC 编号 3.1),水解酶的一个亚组。 核酸酶所属的酯酶分类为 EC 编号 3.1.11 - EC 编号 3.1.31。

反应

  • 核酸被降解为低聚核苷酸或单核苷酸。

分类


参见

参考文献

  1. ^ Nishino T, Morikawa K. Structure and function of nucleases in DNA repair: shape, grip and blade of the DNA scissors. Oncogene. December 2002, 21 (58): 9022–32. PMID 12483517. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206135可免费查阅. 
  2. ^ Rittié L, Perbal B. Enzymes used in molecular biology: a useful guide. Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling. June 2008, 2 (1–2): 25–45. PMC 2570007可免费查阅. PMID 18766469. doi:10.1007/s12079-008-0026-2. 

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核酸酶
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