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染色体易位

4号染色体与20号染色体发生易位的图解。

染色体易位(英语:Chromosome translocation,或译染色体对调)是一种染色体异常现象,指非同源染色体的片段重新排列组合。主要可分为两种类型:

  • 相互易位(reciprocal translocation):又称非罗伯逊易位。
  • 罗伯逊易位(Robertsonian translocation):两条染色体的长臂融合,成为一条染色体,并失去短臂。

另一方面,也可分为:

  • 平衡易位(balanced translocation):遗传物质交换,但不增加或减少遗传讯息。
  • 非平衡易位:遗传物质交换,且使染色体上的遗传讯息有所增减。

参见

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染色体易位
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