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有机氧化还原反应

有机氧化还原反应: Birch 还原反应

有机氧化还原反应(Organic redox reaction)指有机反应中的氧化还原反应,是有机氧化反应有机还原反应的统称。在很多有机氧化还原反应中,电子转移并不实际发生,不同于电化学中的概念 [1]

常以氧化数氧化态作为碳原子氧化程度的判断:

氧化数升高的反应称为氧化反应,分子中电子云密度降低,氧化数降低称为还原反应,既有升高也有降低的反应称为歧化反应。例如,烷烃中的甲烷燃烧氧化,可得到二氧化碳,氧化数由-4升高到+4。常见的官能团氧化还原反应包括:炔烃烯烃烯烃再到烷烃的还原;及再到羧酸的氧化。

很多有机氧化还原偶联反应常涉及自由基中间体。真正的有机物氧化还原反应存在于一些电化学合成反应中,例如Kolbe电解[2]

在歧化反应中,反应物的氧化还原在同一个物质中,并形成2个独立的化合物。

不对称催化还原反应及不对称催化氧化反应是不对称合成中的重要内容。

有机还原反应

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有机还原反应有以下几种主要机理:

不符合以上机理的还原反应如Wolff-Kishner-Huang反应

有机氧化反应

[编辑]

有机氧化反应有以下几种主要机理:

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ March Jerry; (1885). Advanced Organic Chemistry reactions, mechanisms and structure (3rd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons, inc. ISBN 0-471-85472-7
  2. ^ www.electrosynthesis.com Link 互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2008-05-15.
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有机氧化还原反应
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