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日本国徽

日本皇室家徽
细节
使用者日本天皇
启用1183年,​840年前​(1183
冠饰菊花
勋章大勋位菊花章
日语写法
日语原文菊花紋章
假名きくか もんしょう
きっか もんしょう
平文式罗马字Kikuka Monshō
Kikka Monshō

菊花纹章(日语:きくかもんしょう、きっかもんしょう Kikuka Monshō、Kikka Monshō),是日本各式以菊花作为样式的家纹之总称,通常用来指称日本皇室家徽。在日本,由于法律并没有确立正式的国徽,因此习惯上,日本皇室天皇家)的家徽“十六八重表菊纹”(日语“八重”(やえ)是重瓣之意,非指数量),即菊花纹章被广为作为日本代表性的国家徽章而使用[1]

概要

镰仓时代后鸟羽天皇把菊纹锻刻在刀上并定为皇室纹章。日本护照[2]封面上的徽章“十六瓣一重表菊纹”,与日本皇室的菊花纹章相似,花瓣数一样,花的层数却少了一层。

另外,日本内阁所使用的代表徽章“五七桐花纹”,也常在国际场合及政府文件作为国家的徽章而使用,例如日本入境许可贴纸的底纹。

历史

日本天皇家(皇室)的家纹也以菊花设计,据说是平安时代末期至镰仓时代初期即位的后鸟羽天皇热爱菊花的关系,他将菊纹刻在刀剑上并定为皇室纹章。后代的天皇也沿用菊纹章,并将“十六八重表菊”视为皇室纹章,以代表最高权威的象征、日本人的护照上,以“十六花瓣一重表菊纹”为标记。

五十日圆硬币日圆

明治维新后,菊花作为皇室的装饰开始流传至民间, 50円硬币背面,也采用了菊花图案。

画廊

标识

皇族旗

参考文献

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日本国徽
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