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摩伽罗

恒河女神与其坐骑摩伽罗

摩伽罗梵语Makara[1]),玄奘新译为摩竭印度神话中的海兽,恒河女神伐楼拿的座骑。牠亦是印度教中代表爱与欲望的神祇伽摩的标志。

传统上,摩伽罗被认为是海中异兽,有人认为牠的形象是源自鳄鱼,亦有人亦认为是鲸鱼海豚、甚至是鱼身象头等的海兽[2]

大唐西域记》中记述一名为“摩竭”的大鱼。书中第八卷记载了漕矩吒国的一名大商人因为轻蔑佛法,一次在海上迷失方向,足足有三年之久,后来在濒死的时候看见一座大山,山势崇峻,船上的人都以为终于得救,但商人却知道那不过是“摩竭鱼”。书中描述摩竭鱼有如山一般大:“崇崖峻岭,须鬣也;两日联晖,眼光也。”而“摩竭”一词乃从梵文Makara音译而来。

资料来源

参考文献

  • 玄奘口述,辩机笔授,《大唐西域记
  • 笹间良彦著,李晓雯译(2007年):《世界未确认生物事典》,台北:城邦文化事业股份有限公司

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摩伽罗
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