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东上将

东上将(后发座α
后发座星图
东上将(后发座α)在后发座的位置(红圈)
观测资料
历元 J2000.0
星座 后发座
星官 太微左垣太微垣
赤经 13h 09m 59.285s[1]
赤纬 +17° 31′ 46.04″[1]
视星等(V) 4.29 to 4.35
(combined)[2]
A: 4.85 / B: 5.53[3]
特性
光谱分类A: F5V / B: F5V
(binary star)[4]
U−B 色指数−0.06[5]
B−V 色指数0.45[5]
V−R 色指数0.2[6]
R−I 色指数0.2[6]
天体测定
径向速度 (Rv)−17.7±0.9[6] km/s
自行 (μ) 赤经:−433.13±0.70[1] mas/yr
赤纬:141.24±0.51[1] mas/yr
视差 (π)56.10 ± 0.89[1] mas
距离58.1 ± 0.9 ly
(17.8 ± 0.3 pc)
绝对星等 (MV)3.82[7]
轨道[8]
绕行周期 (P)25.8696±0.008219 yr
半长轴 (a)0.67144±0.00033"
偏心率 (e)0.51060±0.00061
倾斜角 (i)90.0501±0.0062°
升交点黄经 (Ω)12.2272±0.0098°
近心点 历元 (T)57056.84±0.36
近心点幅角 (ω)
(secondary)
100.563±0.026°
详细资料
A
质量1.237[9] M
表面重力 (log g)4.19[10]
亮度1.72[11] L
温度6,365[10] K
金属量 [Fe/H]−0.23[10] dex
B
质量1.087[9] M
亮度1.75[11] L
温度6,378[11] K
其他命名
α Com、Alpha Comae Berenices、 Alpha Com、42 Comae Berenices、 后发座42、STF 1728ADS 8804 、BD+18 2697、CCDM J13100+1732、GC 17833、Gliese 501、HIP 64241、IDS 13051+1803 AB、LTT 13802、NLTT 33105、PPM 129630、 SAO 100443、WDS 13100+1732[6][12][13]
参考数据库
SIMBAD资料

东上将后发座α Comae Berenices,缩写为Alpha Comα Com)是在星座后发座贝勒尼基的头发),距离大约17.8秒差距(58光年)。它由两颗主序星组成,每颗恒星都比太阳热一点,亮度也更高。

据说东上将代表贝勒尼基女王佩戴的王冠。这两个成分被命名为东上将A(官方名称Diadem /ˈdədɛm/,系统的传统名称)[14]和B。

名称

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“东上将”(拉丁化的名称是“Alpha Comae Berenices”),后发座α是拜耳命名法的名称。这两个组成部分的名称分别为后发座αA和B,源于华盛顿多重星表(WMC)对多恒星系统使用的惯例,并被国际天文学联合会(IAU)采用[15]

该系统的传统名称为“Diadem”和“Al-Dafirah”,后者源自阿拉伯语الضفيرة “ađ̧-đ̧afīrah”,意思为“编织物”[来源请求]。在2016年,国际天文学联合会组织恒星名称工作小组(WGSN,Working Group on Star Names)[16]对恒星的专有名称进行编目和标准化。WGSN决定将专有名称归属于单颗恒星,而不是整个多星系统[17]。2017年2月1日,国际天文学联合会核准了东上将A的名称“迪亚登”(Diadem)并被列入IAU核定的恒星名称清单[14]

中国太微左垣Tài Wēi Zuǒ Yuán)的意思是太微垣左边的围墙,是指由东上将、左执法(室女座η)、东上相(室女座γ)、东次相(室女座δ)、东次将(室女座ε)组成的一个星官[18]。因此,后发座α(东上将)的中文名称也称为太微左垣五Tài Wēi Zuǒ Yuán wǔ,英语:the Fifth Star of Left Wall of Supreme Palace Enclosure。)[19]。名称东上将 (Dōngshǎngjiāng),意思是“东方第一将军”[20]。东上将(Dōngshǎngjiāng),西化为“尚曾”(Shang Tseang),但这个名字被R.H.Allen指定为“后发座v”,意思是“高级将军”[21]

性质

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虽然东上将是拜耳命名的后发座α星,但它的星等4.32,实际上比β星(周鼎一)还要暗。

它是一颗联星,两颗星的星等几乎相同,分别是5.05等和5.08等,并以25.87年的周期轨道上互绕着。估计该系统距离地球约58光年,几乎以侧面朝向地球,以至于这两颗恒星似乎在一条直线上来回移动,最大间距仅为0.7角秒。预测这两颗恒星将会发生星食的现象,但由于对星食时间的误判,尚未成功观测到食的事件[8]

这两颗恒星之间的距离大约仅10天文单位,差不多就是我们的太阳土星之间的距离。

视伴星

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CCDM J13100+1732C
观测资料
历元 J2000.0
星座 后发座
星官
赤经 13h 10m 00.4s[22]
赤纬 +17° 31′ 48″[22]
视星等(V) 10.2[22]
位置(相对于后发座α AB)
观测历元1998
角距离88.7 [23]
位置角345° [23]
其他命名
STF 1728C, ADS 8804 C, BD+18°2697C, WDS 13100+1732C.[22][23]
参考数据库
SIMBAD资料

这对联星还有一颗视觉伴星,CCDM J13100+1732C,视星等10.2,位于89弧秒外,位置角345°[23]

东上将与球状星团梅西耶53NGC 5053形成一个等腰三角形。这个三角形的表观直径略大于一度。东上将的位置在两个球状星团的西面(前面)。

参考资料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 van Leeuwen, F. Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2007, 474 (2): 653–664 [2024-03-07]. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. S2CID 18759600. arXiv:0708.1752可免费查阅. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. (原始内容存档于2024-05-31).  Vizier catalog entry 页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  2. ^ NSV 6116, database entry, New Catalogue of Suspected Variable Stars, the improved version页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow, Russia. Accessed on line September 3, 2008.
  3. ^ Entry 13100+1732, Sixth Catalog of Orbits of Visual Binary Stars 互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2005-04-24., United States Naval Observatory. Accessed on line September 3, 2008.
  4. ^ Diadem 互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2008-05-11., Jim Kaler, Stars. Accessed on line September 3, 2008.
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 HR 4968页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), database entry, The Bright Star Catalogue, 5th Revised Ed. (Preliminary Version), D. Hoffleit and W. H. Warren, Jr., CDS ID V/50页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Accessed on line September 3, 2008.
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 NSV 6116 -- Variable Star, database entry, SIMBAD. Accessed on line September 3, 2008.
  7. ^ Reiners, Ansgar, Rotation- and temperature-dependence of stellar latitudinal differential rotation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, January 2006, 446 (1): 267–277, Bibcode:2006A&A...446..267R, S2CID 8642707, arXiv:astro-ph/0509399可免费查阅, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053911 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 Muterspaugh, Matthew W.; et al. Predicting the α Comae Berenices Time of Eclipse: How 3 Ambiguous Measurements out of 609 Caused a 26 Year Binary's Eclipse to be Missed. The Astronomical Journal. 2015, 150 (5). 140. Bibcode:2015AJ....150..140M. S2CID 119282868. arXiv:1501.05639可免费查阅. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/5/140. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Pavlovic, R.; Todorovic, N. Orbits of Seven Edge-On Visual Double Stars. Serbian Astronomical Journal. 2005, 170 (170): 73–78. Bibcode:2005SerAJ.170...73P. doi:10.2298/SAJ0570073P可免费查阅. 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Soubiran, Caroline; Le Campion, Jean-François; Brouillet, Nathalie; Chemin, Laurent. The PASTEL catalogue: 2016 version. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2016, 591: A118. Bibcode:2016A&A...591A.118S. S2CID 119258214. arXiv:1605.07384可免费查阅. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628497. 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Ten Brummelaar, Theo; Mason, Brian D.; McAlister, Harold A.; Roberts, Lewis C.; Turner, Nils H.; Hartkopf, William I.; Bagnuolo, William G. Binary Star Differential Photometry Using the Adaptive Optics System at Mount Wilson Observatory. The Astronomical Journal. 2000, 119 (5): 2403. Bibcode:2000AJ....119.2403T. doi:10.1086/301338可免费查阅. 
  12. ^ HD 114378 -- Star in double system, database entry, SIMBAD, accessed on line September 3, 2008.
  13. ^ HD 114379 -- Star in double system, database entry, SIMBAD, accessed on line September 3, 2008.
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Naming Stars. IAU.org. [16 December 2017]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-11). 
  15. ^ Hessman, F. V.; Dhillon, V. S.; Winget, D. E.; Schreiber, M. R.; Horne, K.; Marsh, T. R.; Guenther, E.; Schwope, A.; Heber, U. On the naming convention used for multiple star systems and extrasolar planets. 2010. arXiv:1012.0707可免费查阅 [astro-ph.SR]. 
  16. ^ International Astronomical Union | IAU. www.iau.org. [2017-03-31]. (原始内容存档于2016-06-10). 
  17. ^ WG Triennial Report (2015-2018) - Star Names (PDF): 5. [2018-07-14]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-10-09). 
  18. ^ (中文) 中国星座神话, written by 陈久金. Published by 台湾书房出版有限公司, 2005, ISBN 978-986-7332-25-7.
  19. ^ (中文) 香港太空馆 - 研究资源 - 亮星中英对照表 互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2009-09-29., Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
  20. ^ (中文) English-Chinese Glossary of Chinese Star Regions, Asterisms and Star Name 互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2008-09-24., Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
  21. ^ Richard Hinckley Allen: Star Names — Their Lore and Meaning: Coma Berenices
  22. ^ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 BD+18 2697C -- Star in double system, database entry, SIMBAD. Accessed on line September 3, 2008.
  23. ^ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 Entry 13100+1732, discoverer code STF1728, components AB-C, The Washington Double Star Catalog 互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2008-04-13., United States Naval Observatory. Accessed on line September 3, 2008.

外部链接

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东上将
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