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凌日

亚特兰提斯号航天飞机凌日时的影像。

凌日solar transit;solar outage、solar fade、sun outage、sun fade)是一种天文现象,通常指有地内行星(金星水星)从地球太阳之间经过,在地球上的观察者会发现有一个黑点从太阳通过,持续一个多小时,称为凌日。而在地球之外的其他行星,除了水星之外,同样也可观测到其内侧行星的凌日。太阳凌日只是几种天文凌日类型之一[1]

目前在地球上可观测到的凌日现象有金星凌日水星凌日德国天文学家开普勒在1629年预言:“1631年11月7日将发生水星凌日。”是人类天文史上第一次预言成功的例子。

利用凌日法侦测系外行星,下方的线图代表不同时间地球所接收到的光量。

太阳系外行星也有些是以观测母恒星光度变化,确认凌日发生,光度降低而被发现。

参看

  • 冲日:指天体与太阳分在地球(或观测者所处的行星)的两侧,且经度相差180度的现象。
  • 合日:从地球(或观测者所处的行星)观察到太阳与天体在同经度的现象。
  • 日凌
  • 水星凌日
  • 金星凌日

参考资料

  1. ^ Garner, Rob. Eclipses and Transits: Overview. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NASA. [3 March 2023]. (原始内容存档于2022-12-07). 
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凌日
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