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俄罗斯-南奥塞梯关系

俄罗斯-南奥塞梯关系

南奥塞梯

俄罗斯
代表机构
俄罗斯驻南奥塞梯大使馆南奥塞梯驻俄罗斯大使馆

俄罗斯-南奥塞梯关系,是指俄罗斯联邦和的南奥塞梯共和国之间的双边关系。而南奥塞梯尚未被多数国家所承认[1][2][3]

背景

时任俄罗斯总统梅德韦杰夫于2008年宣布承认南奥塞梯独立的讲话

2008年8月21日,于南奥塞梯有民众举行集会,呼吁时任俄罗斯总统梅德韦杰夫俄罗斯联邦会议正式承认南奥塞梯为独立主权国家[4][5],同时南奥塞梯总统爱德华·贾巴耶维奇·科科伊季飞抵莫斯科,呼吁俄罗斯联邦委员会承认其独立;随后,联邦委员会于8月25日以后通过议案,呼吁梅德韦杰夫承认其与阿布哈兹的独立并建交[6][7]

2008年,格鲁吉亚军队侵入茨欣瓦利引发南奥塞梯战争,导致俄罗斯与格鲁吉亚短暂的军事冲突。8月26日,梅德韦杰夫签署总统令,承认阿布哈兹和南奥塞梯的独立[8][9];许多俄罗斯政府高层,包括时任俄罗斯总理普京、副总理谢尔盖·伊万诺夫[10]、外交部部长谢尔盖·拉夫罗夫等人都表示支持此决定。欧盟美国北约随即谴责俄罗斯[11] ,又呼吁俄罗斯撤销承认;格鲁吉亚亦于2008年8月29日宣布与俄罗斯断交[12],并宣称南奥塞梯和阿布哈兹为被占领土[13]

经济关系

由于南奥塞梯人口少,而且缺乏天然资源,因此其经济完全依赖于俄罗斯的金融援助[14]。2009年,俄罗斯根据早前达成的协议[15]拨出28亿卢布,其后又额外拨出85亿卢布,以协助南奥塞梯重建战时被摧毁的房屋及社会设施[16]

军事关系

俄罗斯于2008年9月与南奥塞梯签署了友谊、合作和互助协定英语Agreement of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance ,保证如果南奥塞梯被攻击,俄罗斯将会军事干预[17][18][19],又承诺于2008年11月派遣3700名军人到南奥塞梯[20],负责巡视与格鲁吉亚的边境地区[21][22]

2009年6月,时任俄罗斯联邦军总参谋部部长尼古拉·马卡罗夫英语Nikolay Yegorovich Makarov指出将减少俄罗斯在南奥塞梯的军力[23];于2009年8月,时任南奥塞梯总统科科伊季接受采访时表示俄罗斯不必于南奥塞梯驻军,以缓解紧张局势[24]

参考

  1. ^ Online Magazine - Civil Georgia. [2014-07-10]. (原始内容存档于2007-10-08). 
  2. ^ International Crisis Group - Georgia’s South Ossetia Conflict: Make Haste Slowl. [2014-07-10]. (原始内容存档于2008-08-20). 
  3. ^ Russia condemned for recognizing rebel regions页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), CNN
  4. ^ Abkhazia, S.Ossetia send sovereignty appeals to Russia. 苏呼米: RIA Novosti. 2008-08-21 [2008-09-09]. (原始内容存档于2013-05-12). 
  5. ^ Abkhazia sends request to Russia for recognition. 苏呼米: RIA Novosti. 2008-08-21 [2008-09-09]. (原始内容存档于2013-05-12). 
  6. ^ Russian upper house seeks independence for Georgian rebel regions. Moscow: RIA Novosti. 2008-08-25 [2008-09-09]. (原始内容存档于2013-05-12). 
  7. ^ Russia parliament asks president to recognise S.Ossetia, Abkhazia. Moscow: RIA Novosti. 2008-08-25 [2008-09-09]. (原始内容存档于2013-05-12). 
  8. ^ Russia recognises Georgia's breakaway republics -2. Moscow: RIA Novosti. 2008-08-26 [2008-09-09]. (原始内容存档于2013-10-02). 
  9. ^ The New York Times August 26, 2008: Russia Backs Independence of Georgian Enclaves页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) by Clifford J. Levy
  10. ^ Russia to stick to its decision on bases in S.Ossetia, Abkhazia. Munich: RIA Novosti. 2009-02-08 [2009-08-04]. (原始内容存档于2009-02-11). 
  11. ^ Russia says recognition of S.Ossetia, Abkhazia irreversible. Brussels: RIA Novosti. 2008-08-27 [2009-08-04]. (原始内容存档于2013-05-12). 
  12. ^ Georgia breaks off relations with Russia. Tbilisi: The New York Times. 2008-08-29 [2009-08-04]. (原始内容存档于2018-02-13). 
  13. ^ Medvedev praises Sarkozy's role in S. Ossetia ceasefire. Moscow: RIA Novosti. 2009-08-08 [2009-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2009-08-12). 
  14. ^ Delyagin, Mikhail. A Testing Ground for Modernization and a Showcase of Success. Russia in Global Affairs. 2009-03-08 [2009-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2009-08-14). 
  15. ^ Russian government will conclude an agreement on financial aid with Abkhazia and South Ossetia. REGNUM News Agency. 2009-03-02 [2009-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2009-07-18). 
  16. ^ Russia signs financial aid deals with Abkhazia, South Ossetia-2. Moscow: RIA Novosti. 2009-03-17 [2009-08-04]. (原始内容存档于2012-10-12). 
  17. ^ Statements following Signing of the Treaties on Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance with the Republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. The Kremlin, Moscow: Presidential Press and Information Office. 2008-09-17 [2009-08-04]. (原始内容存档于2013-04-17). 
  18. ^ Russia signs pacts committing itself to defense of South Ossetia and Abkhazia. Moscow: The New York Times. 2008-09-17 [2009-08-04]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-28). 
  19. ^ Russia-S.Ossetia friendship treaty comes into force. Moscow: RIA Novosti. 2009-01-20 [2009-08-04]. (原始内容存档于2009-02-10). 
  20. ^ Russia fully staffs bases in Abkhazia, S.Ossetia. Moscow: RIA Novosti. 2008-11-19 [2009-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2013-05-01). 
  21. ^ S Ossetia confirms Russia monitoring its border with Georgia. Moscow: Xinhua News Agency. 2009-05-02 [2009-08-08]. (原始内容存档于2009-05-05). 
  22. ^ Russian guards take up duties on Abkhaz, S. Ossetia borders. Rostov-on-Don: RIA Novosti. 2009-05-02 [2009-08-08]. (原始内容存档于2009-05-05). 
  23. ^ Russia to cut troops in Abkhazia, S.Ossetia — General Staff. Le Bourget, Paris: RIA Novosti. 2009-06-17 [2009-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2009-06-20). 
  24. ^ Eduard Kokoity: I rule out a new Georgian aggression. RIA Novosti. 2009-08-03 [2009-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2012-10-12). 
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俄罗斯-南奥塞梯关系
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