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二(三甲基硅基)氨基锂

二(三甲基硅基)氨基锂
IUPAC名
lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)azanide
别名 六甲基二硅基氮基锂
识别
CAS号 4039-32-1  checkY
SMILES
 
  • C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C.[Li+]
性质
化学式 C6H18LiNSi2
摩尔质量 167.326 g·mol⁻¹
外观 白色固体
熔点 71-72 °C
沸点 80 - 84 °C (0.001 mm Hg)
溶解性 水中分解
溶解性 四氢呋喃,己烷
危险性
主要危害 可燃
相关物质
相关化学品 二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠二(三甲基硅基)氨基钾
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

二(三甲基硅基)氨基锂(简称LiHMDS)是一种有机硅化合物,化学式为[(CH3)3Si]2NLi。这种无色固体是一种非亲核性的强碱,可用于去质子化反应并可用作配体。无溶剂时,这种化合物在溶液是双聚体,而在固体中为三聚体。[1]

制备

二(三甲基硅基)氨基锂可以购买,但也可用丁基锂夺取双(三甲基硅基)胺的质子来制备:[2]

[(CH3)3Si]2NH + C4H9Li → [(CH3)3Si]2NLi + C4H10

该化合物可用升华法提纯。

二(三甲基硅基)氨基锂可以在反应体系中先制备再使用。[3]

反应

二(三甲基硅基)氨基锂可用于制备低配位数配合物,因为配体(TMS)2N-的位阻很大。这样的例子有M[N(TMS)2]3(M = Sc, Ti, V, Fe ;TMS = (CH3)3Si))。[4]三甲基氯硅烷反应产生三(三甲基硅基)胺,其中氮的配位数为3,空间构型为平面正三角形。

有机化学中,二(三甲基硅基)氨基锂通常用作强碱,例如形成乙炔化锂,[5]或者制备烯醇锂盐(图中的苄叉丙酮):[3]

参考文献

  1. ^ Mootz, D.; Zinnius, A.; Böttcher, B. Assoziation im festen Zustand von Bis(trimethylsilyl)amidolithium und Methyltrimethylsilanolatoberyllium. Angew. Chem. 1969, 81 (10): 398–399. doi:10.1002/ange.19690811015. 
  2. ^ Amonoo-Neizer, E. H.; Shaw, R. A.; Skovlin, D. O.; Smith, B. C.; Rosenthal, Joel W.; Jolly, William L. Lithium Bis(Trimethylsilyl)Amide and Tris(Trimethylsilyl)Amine. Inorg. Synth. Inorganic Syntheses. 1966, 8: 19–22. ISBN 9780470132395. doi:10.1002/9780470132395.ch6. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Danheiser, R. L.; Miller, R. F.; Brisbois, R. G. (1990). "Detrifluoroacetylative Diazo Group Transfer: (E)-1-Diazo-4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one". Org. Synth. 73: 134; Coll. Vol. 9: 197. 
  4. ^ Donald C. Bradley, Richard G. Copperthwaite “Transition Metal Complexes of Bis(Trimethyl-silyl)Amine (1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexamethyldisilazane)” Inorganic Syntheses 1978, Volume 18, 112. doi:10.1002/9780470132494.ch18
  5. ^ Reich, Melanie. Addition of a lithium acetylide to an aldehyde; 1-(2-pentyn-4-ol)-cyclopent-2-en-1-ol. ChemSpider Synthetic Pages: 137. Aug 24, 2001 [5 September 2010]. (原始内容存档于2015-04-02). 
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二(三甲基硅基)氨基锂
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