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Nitril

Struktura nitrila, funkcionalna grupa je obeležena plavo.

Nitril je organsko jedinjenje koje ima -CN funkcionalnu grupu.[1] Prefiks cijano- se naizmenično koristi sa terminom nitril u industrijskoj literaturi. Nitrili su prisutni u mnogim korisnim jedinjenjima, uključujući metil cijanoakrilat, koji se koristi u super lepku, i nitrilna butadienska guma, polimer koji sadrži nitril i koristi se umesto lateksa u laboratorijama, kao i u medicinskim rukavicama. Organska jedinjenja koja sadrže višestruke nitrilne grupe su poznata kao cijanougljenici.

Neorganska jedinjenja koja sadrže -CN grupu se ne zovu nitrili, nego cijanidi.[2] Mada se nitrili i cijanidi mogu izvesti iz cijanidnih soli, većina nitrila je znatno manje toksična.

  • Protonisani nitrili: Nitrilijum
  • Deprotonisani nitrili: Nitrilni anjon

Spoljašnje veze

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Nitril
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