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2-Butanol

2-Butanol
Skeletal formula of 2-butanol
Nazivi
IUPAC naziv
Butan-2-ol[1]
Drugi nazivi
sec-Butanol

sec-Butil alkohol 2-Butanol

2-Butil alkohol
Identifikacija
3D model (Jmol)
Bajlštajn 773649

1718764 (R)
1718763 (S)

ChEBI
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.001.053
EC broj 201-158-5
Gmelin Referenca 1686

396584 (R)
25655 (S)

MeSH 2-butanol
RTECS EO1750000
UN broj 1120
  • CCC(C)O
Svojstva
C4H10O
Molarna masa 74,12 g·mol−1
Gustina 0,808 g cm−3
Tačka topljenja −115 °C; −175 °F; 158 K
290 g dm−3[4]
log P 0.683
Napon pare 1,67 kPa (na 20 °C)
Indeks refrakcije (nD) 1,3978 (na 20 °C)
Termohemija
Specifični toplotni kapacitet, C 197,1 J K−1 mol−1
Standardna molarna entropija So298 213,1 J K-1 mol−1
Std entalpija
formiranja fH298)
−343,3–−342,1 kJ mol-1
Std entalpija
sagorevanja
ΔcHo298
−2,6611–−2,6601 MJ mol−1
Opasnosti
Bezbednost prilikom rukovanja inchem.org
GHS grafikoni The flame pictogram in the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) The exclamation-mark pictogram in the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)
GHS signalna reč Upozorenje
H226, H319, H335, H336
P261, P305+351+338
Irritant Xi
R-oznake R10, R36/37, R67
S-oznake (S2), S7/9, S13, S24/25, S26, S46
NFPA 704
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondFlammability code 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g., gasolineHealth code 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g., turpentineКод реактивности 0: Нормално стабилан, чак и под стањем изложености ватри; није реактиван с водом (нпр. течни азот)Special hazards (white): no code
3
1
0
Tačka paljenja 22 to 27 °C (72 to 81 °F; 295 to 300 K)
405 °C (761 °F; 678 K)
Eksplozivni limiti 1.7–9.8%
Letalna doza ili koncentracija (LD, LC):
LCLo (LCLo)
16,000 ppm (pacov, 4 hr)
10,670 ppm (miš, 3.75 hr)
16,000 ppm (miš, 2.67 hr)[5]
SAD zdravstvene granice izlaganja (NIOSH):
PEL (dozvoljivo)
TWA 150 ppm (450 mg/m3)[5]
REL (preporučeno)
TWA 100 ppm (305 mg/m3) ST 150 ppm (455 mg/m3)[5]
IDLH (neposredna opasnost)
2000 ppm[5]
Srodna jedinjenja
Srodne butanoli
n-Butanol
Izobutanol
tert-Butanol
Srodna jedinjenja
Butanon
Ukoliko nije drugačije napomenuto, podaci se odnose na standardno stanje materijala (na 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
ДаY verifikuj (šta je ДаYНеН ?)
Reference infokutije

2-Butanol (sec-butanol) je organsko jedinjenje sa formulom CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3. Ovaj sekundarni alkohol je zapaljiva, bezbojna tečnost, koja je rastvorna u 12 delova vode i kompletno se meša sa polarnim organskim rastvaračima, kao što su etri i drugi alkoholi. On se proizvodi u velikim razmerama, prvenstveno kao prekurzor industrijskog rastvarača metil etil ketona. 2-Butanol je hiralan, te postoje dva stereoizomera, koji se označavaju kao (R)-(−)-2-butanol i (S)-(+)-2-butanol. On se normalno nalazi kao smeša dva stereoizomera – racemska smeša.

(R)-(−)-2-butanol
(S)-(+)-2-butanol

Proizvodnja i primene

[уреди | уреди извор]

2-Butanol se industrijski proizvodi hidratacijom 1-butena ili 2-butena:

Sumporna kiselina se koristi kao katalizator over konverzije.[6]

Mada se deo proizvedenog 2-butanola koristi kao rastvarač, on se uglavnom konvertuje do butanona ("MEK"), koji je važan industrijski rastvarač i prisutan je u sredstvima za čišćenje i uklanjanje farbe. Isparljivi estri 2-butanola imaju prijatne arome, te se u malim količinama koriste u parfemima i veštačkim začinima.

  1. ^ „2-butanol - Compound Summary”. PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 26. 3. 2005. Identification and Related Records. Приступљено 12. 10. 2011. 
  2. ^ Li Q, Cheng T, Wang Y, Bryant SH (2010). „PubChem as a public resource for drug discovery.”. Drug Discov Today. 15 (23-24): 1052—7. PMID 20970519. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2010.10.003.  уреди
  3. ^ Evan E. Bolton; Yanli Wang; Paul A. Thiessen; Stephen H. Bryant (2008). „Chapter 12 PubChem: Integrated Platform of Small Molecules and Biological Activities”. Annual Reports in Computational Chemistry. 4: 217—241. doi:10.1016/S1574-1400(08)00012-1. 
  4. ^ Alger, Donald B. (1991). „The water solubility of 2-butanol: A widespread error”. Journal of Chemical Education. USA: ACS Publications. 68 (11): 939. doi:10.1021/ed068p939.1. Приступљено 12. 10. 2011. 
  5. ^ а б в г NIOSH Džepni vodič hemijskih hazarda 0077
  6. ^ Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. 2005. 

Spoljašnje veze

[уреди | уреди извор]
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2-Butanol
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