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Heptosa

Estrutura da sedoheptulosa, unha heptosa importante.

Un heptosa é un monosacárido de sete átomos de carbono coa fórmula c7H14O7. As heptosas derivadas sedoheptulosa-7-fosfato e sedoheptulosa-1,7-difosfato interveñen na ruta da pentosa fosfato e no ciclo de Calvin da fotosíntese. As heptosas da serie D poden atoparse nos lipopolisacáridos das paredes bacterianas.

As heptosas poden ter un grupo aldehido (aldoheptosas), situado no carbono 1, ou un grupo cetona (cetoheptosas ou cetoheptulosas), situado no carbono 2 ou máis raramente no 3, 4 ou 5 [1].

Aldoheptosas

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Teñen cinco carbonos asimétricos, polo que forman 16 pares de enantiómeros. Salientaremos as seguintes:

  • manoheptosa
  • glicoheptosa
  • L-glicero-D-mano-heptosa

Cetoheptosas

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As cetoheptosas posúen catro átomos de carbono asimétricos e forman 8 pares de enantiómeros. As cetoheptosas coa función cetona en posición 2 son:

  • aloheptulosa
  • altroheptulosa
  • sedoheptulosa
  • manoheptulosa[2]
  • guloheptosa
  • idoheptulosa
  • galactoheptulosa
  • taloheptulosa
  1. Peter M. Collins (2005). CRC Press, ed. Dictionary of carbohydrates (en inglés). p. 607. ISBN 0849338298. 
  2. Mannoheptulose sur MeSH
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Heptosa
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