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Escala de Pauling

Escala de Pauling
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La escala de Pauling ye una clasificación de la electronegatividá de los átomos. N'ella l'elementu más electronegativu (Flúor), tien un índiz de 4,0, mentes que'l menos electronegativu (Franciu) lleva un valor de 0,7. Los demás átomos lleven asignaos valores intermedios.

Globalmente pue dicise que la electronegatividá aumenta d'esquierda a drecha na tabla periódica y qu'amenorga haza abaxo. D'esta manera los elementos de fuerte electronegatividá tán na esquina superior drecha de la tabla.

La electronegatividá d'un átomu determináu tá afeutada fundamentalmente por dos magnitudes, la so masa atómica y la distancia permediu de los electrones de valencia con respectu al nucleu atómico. Esta propiedá pudo correllacionase con otres propiedaes atómiques y moleculares. Foi Linus Pauling l'investigador que propunxo esta magnitú por primer vez nel añu 1932, como un desarrollu más de la so teoría del enlace de valencia.

Radiu atómicu disminúi → Enerxía d'ionización aumenta → Electronegatividá aumenta →
Grupu 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Periodu
1 H
2.20
He
 
2 Li
0.98
Be
1.57
B
2.04
C
2.55
N
3.04
O
3.44
F
3.98
Ne
 
3 Na
0.93
Mg
1.31
Al
1.61
Si
1.90
P
2.19
S
2.58
Cl
3.16
Ar
 
4 K
0.82
Ca
1.00
Sc
1.36
Ti
1.54
V
1.63
Cr
1.66
Mn
1.55
Fe
1.83
Co
1.88
Ni
1.91
Cu
1.90
Zn
1.65
Ga
1.81
Ge
2.01
As
2.18
Se
2.55
Br
2.96
Kr
3.00
5 Rb
0.82
Sr
0.95
Y
1.22
Zr
1.33
Nb
1.6
Mo
2.16
Tc
1.9
Ru
2.2
Rh
2.28
Pd
2.20
Ag
1.93
Cd
1.69
In
1.78
Sn
1.96
Sb
2.05
Te
2.1
I
2.66
Xe
2.6
6 Cs
0.79
Ba
0.89
*
 
Hf
1.3
Ta
1.5
W
2.36
Re
1.9
Os
2.2
Ir
2.20
Pt
2.28
Au
2.54
Hg
2.00
Tl
1.62
Pb
2.33
Bi
2.02
Po
2.0
At
2.2
Rn
 
7 Fr
0.7
Ra
0.9
**
 
Rf
 
Db
 
Sg
 
Bh
 
Hs
 
Mt
 
Ds
 
Rg
 
Uub
 
Uut
 
Uuq
 
Uup
 
Uuh
 
Uus
 
Uuo
 
Lantánidos *
 
La
1.1
Ce
1.12
Pr
1.13
Nd
1.14
Pm
1.13
Sm
1.17
Eu
1.2
Gd
1.2
Tb
1.1
Dy
1.22
Ho
1.23
Er
1.24
Tm
1.25
Yb
1.1
Lu
1.27
Actínidos **
 
Ac
1.1
Th
1.3
Pa
1.5
U
1.38
Np
1.36
Pu
1.28
Am
1.13
Cm
1.28
Bk
1.3
Cf
1.3
Es
1.3
Fm
1.3
Md
1.3
No
1.3
Lr
 
Tabla periódica de la electronegatividá usando la escala de Pauling




Referencies

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Enllaces esternos

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Escala de Pauling
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