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Pioneer 5

Pioneer 5 (ook bekend as Pioneer P-2, en Able 4, met die bynaam "Roeiwiel Satelliet"[1]) was 'n tol gestabiliseerde, onbemande ruimtetuig wat as deel van die Pioneer-program gestuur is om die interplanetêre ruimte tussen die Aarde en Venus te ondersoek. Die is gelanseer op 11 Maart 1960 vanaf Kaap Canaveral Lugmagbasis lanseerplatform 17A om 13:00 UTC[2] met 'n wentelbaan droë massa van 43 kg. Die ruimtetuig was 'n sfeer met 0.66 m diameter met vier sonpanele daaraan geheg. Dit het in 'n wentelbaan om die son gegaan van 0.806 × 0.995 AE (121,000,000 by 149,000,000 km).

Data was van die ruimtetuig ontvang tot 30 April 1960. Behalwe ander prestasies het die ruimtetuig ook die bestaan van interplanetêre magnetiese velde bewys.[3] Pioneer 5 is die mees suksesvolle ruimtetuig van die Pioneer/Able reeks.

Die oorspronklike sending plan het behels dat Pioneer 5 in November 1959 gelanseer sou word en 'n verbyvlug van Venus doen maar tegniese probleme het die lansering vertraag tot vroeg in 1960. Op daardie stadium was die geleentheid om Venus te besoek verby en daar was besluit dat die ruimtetuig gebruik sou word om 'n interplanetêre ondersoek te doen en dat 'n verbyvlug na Venus vir nog drie jaar sou wag.[4]


Verwysings

[wysig | wysig bron]
  1. Moore, Patrick (1962). The Observer's Book of Astronomy. Frederick Warne & Co.
  2. "Chronology - Quarter 1 1960". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 6 Augustus 2007. Besoek op 31 Januarie 2008.
  3. "The Pioneer Spacecraft". NASAFacts. NF-31/Vol 4, No. 3. U.S. Government Printing Office, 1967.
  4. "Vintage Micro: The First Interplanetary Probe". 17 April 2015.
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Pioneer 5
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