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施陶丁格反应

Staudinger反应(Staudinger reaction),又称Staudinger还原反应(Staudinger reduction),由 Hermann Staudinger 发现并首先报道。

叠氮化物(如三苯基膦)或亚磷酸酯反应得到亚胺基膦烷中间体,此中间体再经水解,可得相应的氧化膦(如三苯基氧膦),从而提供了一种通过叠氮化物还原制备胺的方法。[1][2]

反应实例:[3]


Staudinger反应 例子

反应机理

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膦对叠氮化物的端基氮进行亲核加成,其次分子内环化为磷杂三吖丁环中间体,然后放出氮气并产生亚胺基膦烷,最后亚胺基膦烷水解为胺和氧化膦。


Staudinger反应 机理

Staudinger连接反应

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Staudinger 连接反应(Staudinger ligation),2000年由 Saxon 和 Bertozzi 发展。

用一般位于三芳膦上的亲电基团(如甲酯)捕获氮杂叶立德(亚胺基膦烷)中间体,在水介质中进行作用,重排后得到分子内酰胺基氧化膦。[4]


Staudinger ligation 例子

应用

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Staudinger 连接反应在化学生物学中有很广泛的应用,例如此反应可用于荧光标记的核苷的合成:[5][6]


Stauding Ligation 应用 Kosiova 2006

参见

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参考资料

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  1. ^ Staudinger, H.; Meyer, J., Über neue organische Phosphorverbindungen III. Phosphinmethylenderivate und Phosphinimine, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1919, 2: 635, doi:10.1002/hlca.19190020164 
  2. ^ Gololobov, Y. G., Sixty years of staudinger reaction, Tetrahedron, 1981, 37: 437, doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(01)92417-2 
  3. ^ Karl J. Wallace, Robert Hanes, Eric Anslyn, Jeroni Morey, Kathleen V. Kilway, Jay Siegeld, Preparation of 1,3,5-Tris(aminomethyl)-2,4,6-triethylbenzene from Two Versatile 1,3,5-Tri(halosubstituted) 2,4,6-Triethylbenzene Derivatives, Synthesis, 2005, 2005: 2080, doi:10.1055/s-2005-869963 
  4. ^ Saxon, E.; Bertozzi, C.R. Cell Surface Engineering by a Modified Staudinger Reaction. Science. 2000, 287: 2007. PMID 10720325. doi:10.1126/science.287.5460.2007. 
  5. ^ Kosiova I, Janicova A, Kois P. Synthesis of coumarin or ferrocene labeled nucleosides via Staudinger ligation. Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry. 2006, 2: 23. PMID 17137496. doi:10.1186/1860-5397-2-23. 
  6. ^ 反应中的核苷是由脱氧尿苷衍生出,标记基团则为一香豆素衍生物,其羧基通过与1-羟基苯并三唑成酯而得以活化。

外部链接

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  1. Staudinger Reaction页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) @ organic-chemistry.org
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施陶丁格反应
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